Expectancy of impairment attenuates marijuana-induced risk taking
Expectancy of impairment attenuates marijuana-induced risk taking
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.04.027
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发表时间：
2017-09-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Metrik, Jane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gunn, Rachel L.;Skalski, Linda;Metrik, Jane
背景：大麻的使用与冒险和冲动行为的增加有关。虽然大麻的药理作用可导致抑制性损害，但对潜在损害的预期可能会通过减少冲动性决定和危险行为而导致代偿性行为反应。随着大麻使用和相关问题的增加，需要更好地了解与大麻中毒和危险行为相关的个人特征。本研究探讨了损伤预期的作用，在大麻的冲动和risk-taking.Methods的行为措施的急性影响：参与者（N = 136）是经常大麻用户。使用平衡安慰剂设计（BPD）交叉大麻给药（即，0%四氢大麻酚（THC）对2.8%THC）与刺激预期（即，Told Placebo vs. Told THC）。Maritime结果的预期进行了测量的自我报告和依赖的措施，包括一些行为冲动的任务和气球模拟风险任务（BART）。结果：在参与者谁收到THC，认知行为障碍（CBI）的期望较高，与较低的风险承担的BART。在那些谁收到安慰剂，CBI的期望和BART性能之间没有关联。CBI的期望没有缓和的刺激预期效应的BART，也没有药物或刺激预期效应的impulsivitymeasurements. Conclusions：结果提供了初步的证据表明，预期更大的损害与补偿行为的冒险任务急性大麻中毒。未来的研究应该检查损伤预期对重大公共卫生问题的风险行为的作用，例如在大麻的影响下驾驶。
Background: Marijuana use has been associated with increased risk-taking and impulsive behavior. While pharmacologic effects of marijuana can lead to inhibitory impairment, expectancy of potential impairment may result in compensatory behavioral response by decreasing impulsive decisions and risky behaviors. With the increases in marijuana use and related problems, a better understanding of the individual characteristics associated with marijuana intoxication and risky behavior is needed. This study examined the role of impairment expectancies in marijuana's acute effects on behavioral measures of impulsivity and risk-taking.Methods: Participants (N = 136) were regular marijuana users. A balanced placebo design (BPD) was used crossing marijuana administration (i.e., 0% Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) vs. 2.8% THC) with stimulus expectancy (i.e., Told Placebo vs. Told THC). Marijuana outcome expectancies were measured by self-report and dependent measures included a number of behavioral impulsivity tasks and the balloon analogue risk task (BART).Results: Among participants who received THC, higher expectancies for cognitive-behavioral impairment (CBI) were related to lower risk-taking on the BART. Among those who received placebo, there was no association between CBI expectancies and BART performance. CBI expectancies did not moderate the stimulus expectancy effect on the BART nor drug or stimulus expectancy effects on impulsivity measures.Conclusions: Results provide initial evidence that expectancies of greater impairment are associated with compensatory behavior on a risk-taking task under acute marijuana intoxication. Future studies should examine the role of impairment expectancies on risk behaviors of substantial public health concern, such as driving while under the influence of marijuana.