The Influence of Canopy Position, Pollinator Syndrome, and Region on Evolutionary Transitions in Pollinator Guild Size1
The Influence of Canopy Position, Pollinator Syndrome, and Region on Evolutionary Transitions in Pollinator Guild Size1
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冠层位置、传粉者综合症和区域对传粉者群体规模进化转变的影响1
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Vamosi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Sargent;J. Vamosi
关于生态环境如何影响传粉者专门化程度的转变的可能性，我们知之甚少。一种未被探索的假说认为，过渡到不同光照条件的环境应该伴随着传粉者协会的过渡，因为接触到新的传粉者群落的综合影响，以及与林下和树冠中的传粉者吸引相关的不同相对成本。利用文献调查的数据，我们汇编了代表四个主要地区(印度、新热带、古热带和加拿大)的481种被子植物的生境光可获得性(例如，冠层与林下植被)、传粉者身份和行会大小的数据集。系统发育无关的对比被用来评估冠层位置的转变与特定传粉者的使用和传粉者行会大小的转变相关的程度。我们进一步检查了这些特征中的每一个在进化上倾向于不稳定的程度与在进化上保守的程度。我们的分析表明，在冠层中占据相同位置的物种比预期的亲缘关系更密切，遵循传统传粉者综合征的物种(例如蜜蜂或鸟类)也是如此，但具有特别广泛的传粉者协会的物种(例如蜜蜂、苍蝇和飞蛾访问)广泛分布在被子植物系统发育中。向多面手授粉的转变似乎与甲虫和苍蝇的授粉以及林冠上的位置密切相关。
Little is known about how ecological context influences the probability of transitions in the extent of pollinator specialization. One unexplored hypothesis suggests that transitions to environments with different light conditions should be accompanied by transitions in pollinator guild because of the combined effects of exposure to a new pollinator community and the different relative costs associated with pollinator attraction in the understory and the canopy. Using data from literature surveys, we compiled a data set of habitat light availability (e.g., canopy vs. understory), pollinator identity, and guild size for 481 angiosperm species representing four broad regions (India, Neotropics, paleotropics, and Canada). Phylogenetic independent contrasts were used to assess the degree to which transitions in canopy position are associated with transitions in the usage of particular pollinators and pollinator guild size. We further examined the degree to which each of these traits tends to be evolutionarily labile versus evolutionarily conserved. Our analysis demonstrates that species that tend to occupy the same position in the canopy are more closely related than expected by chance, as are species that follow traditional pollinator syndromes (e.g., bee or bird), but species that have exceptionally wide pollinator guilds (e.g., are visited by bees, flies, and moths) are widely scattered across the angiosperm phylogeny. Transitions to generalist pollination appeared to be strongly associated with beetle and fly pollination and with position in the canopy above the forest floor.