SUPPORT Tools for evidence-informed health Policymaking (STP) 2: Improving how your organisation supports the use of research evidence to inform policymaking
SUPPORT Tools for evidence-informed health Policymaking (STP) 2: Improving how your organisation supports the use of research evidence to inform policymaking
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DOI：
10.1186/1478-4505-7-s1-s1
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发表时间：
2009-12-16
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Lewin, Simon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Oxman, Andrew D.;Vandvik, Per Olav;Lewin, Simon
在本文中，我们讨论以下三个问题：什么是证据？研究证据在为卫生政策决策提供信息方面发挥什么作用？什么是循证决策？循证卫生决策是一种政策决策方法，旨在确保决策充分了解现有的最佳研究证据。其特点是系统、透明地获取和评估证据，作为决策过程的输入。政策制定的整个过程并不被认为是系统性和透明的。然而，在政策制定的整个过程中，系统化的流程被用来确保相关研究得到适当的识别、评估和使用。这些过程是透明的，以确保其他人可以检查哪些研究证据被用来为政策决策提供信息，以及对证据及其影响做出的判断。循证决策有助于政策制定者了解这些过程。在本文中，我们讨论组织努力以支持循证卫生决策的方法。将研究与行动联系起来的努力可能包括一系列与研究成果相关的活动，这些活动既与政策制定者高度相关，又为政策制定者适当综合。此类活动可能包括用于将研究与行动联系起来的各种努力，以及对此类努力的评估。人们对如何最好地组织可用的活动选择范围知之甚少，而且直到最近，负责支持在制定卫生政策中使用研究证据的组织相对较少。我们提出了五个问题，可以帮助指导考虑如何改进组织安排，以支持使用研究证据来为卫生政策决策提供信息。它们是： I. 贵组织使用研究证据为决策提供信息的能力如何？ 2. 应采用哪些策略来确保政策制定者、研究人员和利益相关者之间的合作？ 3. 应采用哪些策略来确保独立性以及利益冲突的有效管理？ 4. 应采取哪些策略来确保使用系统且透明的方法来获取、评估和使用研究证据？ 5. 应采取哪些策略来确保有足够的能力采用这些方法？
In this article, we discuss the following three questions: What is evidence? What is the role of research evidence in informing health policy decisions? What is evidence-informed policymaking?Evidence-informed health policymaking is an approach to policy decisions that aims to ensure that decision making is well-informed by the best available research evidence. It is characterised by the systematic and transparent access to, and appraisal of, evidence as an input into the policymaking process. The overall process of policymaking is not assumed to be systematic and transparent. However, within the overall process of policymaking, systematic processes are used to ensure that relevant research is identified, appraised and used appropriately. These processes are transparent in order to ensure that others can examine what research evidence was used to inform policy decisions, as well as the judgements made about the evidence and its implications. Evidence-informed policymaking helps policymakers gain an understanding of these processes.In this article, we address ways of organising efforts to support evidence-informed health policymaking. Efforts to link research to action may include a range of activities related to the production of research that is both highly relevant to - and appropriately synthesised for policymakers. Such activities may include a mix of efforts used to link research to action, as well as the evaluation of such efforts. Little is known about how best to organise the range of activity options available and, until recently, there have been relatively few organisations responsible for supporting the use of research evidence in developing health policy. We suggest five questions that can help guide considerations of how to improve organisational arrangements to support the use of research evidence to inform health policy decision making. These are: I. What is the capacity of your organisation to use research evidence to inform decision making? 2. What strategies should be used to ensure collaboration between policymakers, researchers and stakeholders? 3. What strategies should be used to ensure independence as well as the effective management of conflicts of interest? 4. What strategies should be used to ensure the use of systematic and transparent methods for accessing, appraising and using research evidence? 5. What strategies should be used to ensure adequate capacity to employ these methods?