Glucose increases the length and spacing of the lattice structure of the axon initial segment
Glucose increases the length and spacing of the lattice structure of the axon initial segment
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DOI：
10.1002/jemt.24122
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发表时间：
2022-04
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Yiming Wang;Meiling Guan;Yan Zhang;Karl Zhanghao;Peng Xi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yiming Wang;Meiling Guan;Yan Zhang;Karl Zhanghao;Peng Xi
轴突起始段（AIS）在维持神经元极性和启动动作电位（AP）中起重要作用。AIS通过改变其长度和与细胞体的距离来适应其环境，导致神经元兴奋性的调节，这被称为AIS可塑性。先前的研究发现了AIS关键组分ankeG（AnkG），Nav1.2和βIV‐spectrin的~200 nm单周期分布，但尚不清楚AIS可塑性如何改变晶格结构。在这项研究中，我们发现AIS的长度显著增加，导致神经元兴奋性增加，高浓度葡萄糖治疗。晶格结构的结构照明显微镜（SIM）图像显示AnkG、Nav1.2和βIV-血影蛋白的双间距周期性分布（约200 nm和约260 nm）。此外，480 kDa AnkG对于AIS可塑性和增加晶格结构间距至关重要。发现新的调节AIS可塑性的调节因子将有助于我们理解和操纵AIS的结构和功能。
The axon initial segment (AIS) plays an important role in maintaining neuronal polarity and initiating action potentials (APs). The AIS adapts to its environment by changing its length and distance from the cell body, resulting in modulation of neuronal excitability, which is referred to as AIS plasticity. Previous studies found an ~200 nm single periodic distribution of the key AIS components ankyrinG (AnkG), Nav1.2, and βIV‐spectrin, while it remains unclear how the lattice structure is altered by AIS plasticity. In this study, we found that the length of the AIS significantly increased, resulting in increased neuronal excitability, with high‐concentration glucose treatment. Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) images of the lattice structure showed a dual‐spacing periodic distribution (~200 nm and ~260 nm) of AnkG, Nav1.2, and βIV‐spectrin. Moreover, 480‐kDa AnkG was crucial for AIS plasticity and increased lattice structure spacing. The discovery of new regulators for modulating AIS plasticity will help us to understand and manipulate the structure and function of the AIS.