Amazon dams and waterways: Brazil's Tapajs Basin plans
Amazon dams and waterways: Brazil's Tapajs Basin plans
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DOI：
10.1007/s13280-015-0642-z
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Fearnside, Philip M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fearnside, Philip M.
巴西计划在塔帕吉斯盆地建造43座“大型”水坝(30兆瓦)，其中10座是2022年前优先完成的。影响包括淹没土著土地和保护单位。Tapajs河和两条支流(Juruena河和Teles Pires河)也是将大豆从马托格罗索州运往亚马逊河港口的水路计划的重点。大坝将允许驳船通过急流和瀑布。航道计划需要连续建造大坝，包括查科罗大坝，它将淹没18700公顷的蒙杜鲁古土著土地。巴西宪法和立法以及国际公约中的保护措施很容易通过实施“安全中止”而被中和，就像在Tapajs盆地目前正在建设的几个大坝发放许可证期间已经发生的那样。几乎没有人意识到“安全暂停”，因此几乎没有改变这些法律的动力。
Brazil plans to build 43 "large" dams (> 30 MW) in the Tapajs Basin, ten of which are priorities for completion by 2022. Impacts include flooding indigenous lands and conservation units. The Tapajs River and two tributaries (the Juruena and Teles Pires Rivers) are also the focus of plans for waterways to transport soybeans from Mato Grosso to ports on the Amazon River. Dams would allow barges to pass rapids and waterfalls. The waterway plans require dams in a continuous chain, including the Chacoro Dam that would flood 18 700 ha of the Munduruku Indigenous Land. Protections in Brazil's constitution and legislation and in international conventions are easily neutralized through application of "security suspensions," as has already occurred during licensing of several dams currently under construction in the Tapajs Basin. Few are aware of "security suspensions," resulting in little impetus to change these laws.