Anthropogenic noise changes arthropod abundances.
Anthropogenic noise changes arthropod abundances.
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.2698
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发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Barber JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bunkley JP;McClure CJW;Kawahara AY;Francis CD;Barber JR
人为噪音是一种广泛存在且不断增长的感官污染形式，与人类基础设施的扩张有关。持续而强烈的噪音的一个具体来源是用于天然气开采和运输的压缩机产生的噪音。陆地节肢动物在许多生态系统中发挥着核心作用，鉴于许多物种在其生活史中依赖空气传播的声音和基质传播的振动，我们预测背景声音水平的增加或压缩机噪声的存在将影响它们的分布。在美国第二大天然气田（美国新墨西哥州圣胡安盆地），我们评估了陆地节肢动物科丰度和群落结构随压缩机噪声和背景声级的变化。使用陷阱，我们同时对靠近井场的五个地点（拥有正在运行的压缩机）和五个替代的、安静的井场地点进行了采样，这些地点没有压缩机，但在其他方面相似。我们发现压缩机噪声或较高背景声音的地点与五个节肢动物科和一个属的丰度之间存在负相关关系，大声的地点与一个科的丰度之间存在正相关关系，而噪声水平或压缩机的存在与六个科和两个属的丰度之间没有关系。尽管有这些变化，我们没有发现社区更替与背景声级或场地类型（压缩器和非压缩器）有关的证据。我们的结果表明，人为噪音对一些节肢动物科的丰度有不同的影响。这些初步发现表明需要确定驱动这些观察到的反应的直接和间接机制。鉴于节肢动物提供多样化且重要的生态功能，丰度的变化可能会产生生态影响。因此，我们建议在产生噪声的基础设施的环境评估中考虑节肢动物。
Anthropogenic noise is a widespread and growing form of sensory pollution associated with the expansion of human infrastructure. One specific source of constant and intense noise is that produced by compressors used for the extraction and transportation of natural gas. Terrestrial arthropods play a central role in many ecosystems, and given that numerous species rely upon airborne sounds and substrate‐borne vibrations in their life histories, we predicted that increased background sound levels or the presence of compressor noise would influence their distributions. In the second largest natural gas field in the United States (San Juan Basin, New Mexico, USA), we assessed differences in the abundances of terrestrial arthropod families and community structure as a function of compressor noise and background sound level. Using pitfall traps, we simultaneously sampled five sites adjacent to well pads that possessed operating compressors, and five alternate, quieter well pad sites that lacked compressors, but were otherwise similar. We found a negative association between sites with compressor noise or higher levels of background sound and the abundance of five arthropod families and one genus, a positive relationship between loud sites and the abundance of one family, and no relationship between noise level or compressor presence and abundance for six families and two genera. Despite these changes, we found no evidence of community turnover as a function of background sound level or site type (compressor and noncompressor). Our results indicate that anthropogenic noise differentially affects the abundances of some arthropod families. These preliminary findings point to a need to determine the direct and indirect mechanisms driving these observed responses. Given the diverse and important ecological functions provided by arthropods, changes in abundances could have ecological implications. Therefore, we recommend the consideration of arthropods in the environmental assessment of noise‐producing infrastructure.