Pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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慢性阻塞性肺疾病的病理生理学。
DOI：
10.1007/978-88-470-5647-3_22
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发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Celli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Celli
由于受吸烟、心脏病发作和中风等相同危险因素影响的两个器官系统的死亡率下降，COPD的患病率有所上升。一旦确诊，COPD是进行性的，可能会在相对较早的年龄(60至80岁)导致残疾，通常是由于呼吸困难。慢性阻塞性肺疾病通常由肺实质破坏或影响呼吸道的疾病引起。在大多数患者中，这两个过程同时存在。较少被认识到的事实是，这种疾病并不是同样地影响肺的所有部分，这会导致肺的不同部分有不同的生理行为。本文将COPD的病理变化与这些变化已知的适应性和非适应性后果结合起来。对这些变化的了解应该有助于提高理解不同治疗策略的能力，这些治疗策略已经被开发出来，以减轻症状并改善COPD患者的福祉。
The prevalence of COPD has increased as mortality from the two organ systems affected by the same risk factors of smoking, heart attacks and strokes, has decreased. Once diagnosed, COPD is progressive and may lead to disability, usually due to dyspnea, at a relatively early age (60 to 80 years of age). COPD is usually caused by destruction of the lung parenchyma or by disease affecting the airways. In most patients both processes exist simultaneously. Less often recognized is the fact that the disease does not affect all portions of the lung alike, which causes different physiologic behaviors in different parts of the lung. This article integrates the pathologic changes of COPD with the known adaptive and maladaptive consequences of those changes. An understanding of these changes should result in an increased capacity to comprehend the different therapeutic strategies that have been developed to decrease the symptoms and improve the well-being of patients with COPD.