Germ cell-autonomous Wunen2 is required for germline development in Drosophila embryos
Germ cell-autonomous Wunen2 is required for germline development in Drosophila embryos
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DOI：
10.1242/dev.01321
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发表时间：
2004-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Nakamura, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hanyu-Nakamura, K;Kobayashi, S;Nakamura, A
在许多动物中，原始生殖细胞（PGCs）通过胚胎向未来的性腺迁移，这是一个由周围体细胞提供的吸引和排斥线索引导的过程。在果蝇中，两种相关的脂质磷酸磷酸酶（LPPs），Wunen（Wun）和Wun2，被认为是降解细胞外底物，并在体细胞中冗余地发挥作用，以提供一个排斥环境来引导PGCs或极细胞的迁移。Wun和Wun2也会影响极细胞的活力，因为体细胞中任何一种的过度表达都会导致极细胞死亡。然而，它们调节极细胞迁移和存活的方式仍然难以捉摸。我们报告说，Wun2有一个母亲的功能，需要极细胞的生存过程中迁移到性腺。发现母体wun2 RNA集中在极细胞中，并且wun2的极细胞特异性表达挽救了母体wun2突变体的极细胞死亡表型，这表明极细胞中的wun2活性是它们生存所必需的。此外，我们获得的遗传证据表明，极细胞的生存需要在极细胞和体细胞的LPP活性的适当平衡。我们建议，Wun2在极细胞竞争体Wun和Wun2的共同的脂质磷酸盐底物，这是所需的极细胞产生其生存信号。在体细胞中，Wun和Wun2可以通过耗尽这种细胞外基质为极细胞迁移提供排斥性环境。
In many animals, primordial germ cells (PGCs) migrate through the embryo towards the future gonad, a process guided by attractive and repulsive cues provided from surrounding somatic cells. In Drosophila, the two related lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPPs), Wunen (Wun) and Wun2, are thought to degrade extracellular substrates and to act redundantly in somatic cells to provide a repulsive environment to steer the migration of PGCs, or pole cells. Wun and Wun2 also affect the viability of pole cells, because overexpression of either one in somatic cells causes pole cell death. However, the means by which they regulate pole cell migration and survival remains elusive. We report that Wun2 has a maternal function required for the survival of pole cells during their migration to the gonad. Maternal wun2 RNA was found to be concentrated in pole cells and pole cell-specific expression of wun2 rescued the pole cell death phenotype of the maternal wun2 mutant, suggesting that wun2 activity in pole cells is required for their survival. Furthermore, we obtained genetic evidence that pole cell survival requires a proper balance of LPP activity in pole cells and somatic cells. We propose that Wun2 in pole cells competes with somatic Wun and Wun2 for a common lipid phosphate substrate, which is required by pole cells to produce their survival signal. In somatic cells, Wun and Wun2 may provide a repulsive environment for pole cell migration by depleting this extracellular substrate.