Description of the Mass Spectrometer for the Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer Mission
Description of the Mass Spectrometer for the Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer Mission
复制标题
木星冰卫星探索任务质谱仪的描述
DOI：
10.1109/aero50100.2021.9438344
复制
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Wurz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Föhn;A. Galli;A. Vorburger;M. Tulej;D. Lasi;A. Riedo;R. Fausch;Michael Althaus;Stefan Brüngger;Philipp Fahrer;M. Gerber;M. Lüthi;Hans Peter Munz;Severin Oeschger;D. Piazza;P. Wurz
欧洲航天局(ESA)的木星冰卫星探测器(SOUE)将对木星及其冰卫星木卫二、木卫三和木卫四进行调查，目的是更好地了解我们太阳系的起源和演化以及生命的出现。中性气体和离子质谱仪(NIM)是果汁航天器上粒子环境包(PEP)的六台仪器之一。PEP将测量从MeV到MeV的能量范围内的中性原子和分子、离子布居和电子布居。NIM仪器的设计目的是测量木星的三颗卫星--冰冻卫星--的外圈的化学和同位素组成，无论是在几次飞行过程中，还是在木卫三轨道的最终目的地期间。通过对外圈的测量，我们将得出表面的化学成分，这将使我们更好地了解冰卫星的形成过程，与磁层等离子体和木星磁层系统的高能粒子的相互作用过程。NIM仪器是一种紧凑的飞行时间质谱仪，可以测量热中性分子和电离层离子。为了最大限度地减少探测器上的背景辐射，并保护电子设备免受木星周围恶劣辐射环境的影响，精心设计了辐射屏蔽。NIM包括两个主要的子单元，即离子光学系统和电子学。这项研究详细介绍了飞行仪表不同子系统的技术设计和校准活动取得的结果，包括质量范围m/z 1至650，质量分辨率$m/\Delta m$至少750(半高宽)，以及近60年的瞬时动态范围。结合科学要求对这些结果进行了详细的讨论。这种性能与其辐射耐受性相结合，既可以详细分析木星结冰卫星的外圈和电离层的化学成分，也可以探索可能形成生命的环境。
The JUpiter ICy moons Explorer (JUICE) of the European Space Agency (ESA) will investigate Jupiter and its icy moons Europa, Ganymede and Callisto, with the aim to better understand the origin and evolution of our Solar System and the emergence of life. The Neutral gas and Ion Mass spectrometer (NIM) is one of six instruments of the Particle Environment Package (PEP) on board the JUICE spacecraft. PEP will measure neutral atoms and molecules, the ion population, and the electron population over an energy range covering from meV to MeV. The NIM instrument is designed to measure the chemical and isotope composition of the exospheres of three of Jupiter's satellites, the icy moons, both, during several flybys and during its final destination in Ganymede orbit. From measurements of the exosphere, we will derive the chemical composition of the surface, which will allow us a better understanding of the icy moons formation processes, interaction processes with the magnetospheric plasma and energetic particles of Jupiter's magnetospheric system. The NIM instrument is a compact time-of-flight mass spectrometer allowing measurements of thermal neutral molecules and ionospheric ions. To minimize the background radiation on the detector and protect electronics against the harsh radiation environment around Jupiter, elaborated radiation shielding was designed. NIM consists of two major subunits, namely, the ion-optical system and the electronics. This study presents details on the technical design and the results obtained from the calibration campaigns of different subsystems of the flight instrument including a mass range of m/z 1 to 650, a mass resolution $m/\Delta m$ of at least 750 (FWHM), and an instantaneous dynamic range of almost 6 decades. These results are discussed in detail with respect to the scientific requirements. This performance in combination with its radiation tolerance allows for both a detailed analysis of the chemical composition of Jupiter's icy moons' exospheres and ionospheres, and to explore environments, where formation of life might be possible.