Land Use/Land Cover Dynamics and Its Impact on Biodiversity Resources in the Abijata Shalla National Park, Central Rift Valley Lakes Region, Ethiopia
Land Use/Land Cover Dynamics and Its Impact on Biodiversity Resources in the Abijata Shalla National Park, Central Rift Valley Lakes Region, Ethiopia
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埃塞俄比亚中央裂谷湖区阿比贾塔沙拉国家公园的土地利用/土地覆盖动态及其对生物多样性资源的影响
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发表时间：
2017
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通讯作者：
Hamere Yohannes
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作者：
Hamere Yohannes
土地利用和土地覆盖（LULC）动态是埃塞俄比亚各地发生的最重要的可见变化之一。这些变化严重影响生态系统健康，包括自然保护区和野生动物保护区的退化。埃塞俄比亚的此类自然保护区之一是阿比贾塔-沙拉国家公园 (ASNP)。通过使用多时相卫星图像解释，应用数字 LULC 检测技术，以了解 ASNP 的景观动态。为了评估一段时间内的环境状况，考虑了与生物多样性丧失相关的四个时间线：1973年、1994年、2000年和2016年。在ERDAS Imagine 2014软件中进行了监督分类，并在Arc GIS软件中进行了后分类。该图像被分为五个主要土地利用类别，即水体、牧场、耕地、金合欢为主的林地和裸地。据观察，第一阶段（1973-1994年）水体减少，第二阶段（1994-2000年）水体增加，但第三阶段（2000-2016年）水体急剧下降。这与我们在耕地中看到的模式相反。总体趋势显示，牧地和耕地分别增加14%和15%，而水体减少约16%。林地和水体的减少意味着大量水生和陆生动物（包括特有鸟类和候鸟）的栖息地丧失。裸地走势显示，第一期减少1.02%，第二期增加0.56%，第三期减少4.17%。我们的结论是，公园内的土地利用和土地利用发生了重大变化，这可能会影响公园的生物多样性。关键词：Abijata Shalla 湖国家公园、Arc GIS、生物多样性丧失、ERDAS 想象、土地利用/覆盖变化 埃塞俄比亚中央裂谷湖区 Abijata Shalla 国家公园的土地利用/土地覆盖动态及其对生物多样性资源的影响
Land use and land cover (LULC) dynamics have been among the most important visible changes that have taken place everywhere in the Ethiopian landscape. Such changes are severely affecting ecosystem health including degradation of nature reserves and wild animal sanctuaries. One such nature reserve in Ethiopia is the Abijata-Shala National Park (ASNP). A digital LULC detection technique was applied by using multi-temporal satellite imagery interpretation in order to understand the landscape dynamics in the ASNP. In order to assess the state of the environment over time, four timelines associated with biodiversity loss were considered: 1973, 1994, 2000 and 2016. Supervised classifications in ERDAS imagine 2014 software and post-classification in Arc GIS software was performed. The image was classified into five major land use classes namely water bodies, grazing land, cultivated land, Acacia dominated wood land and bare land. It was observed that water bodies decreased in the first period (1973-1994) and increase in the second period (1994-2000) but fallen drastically afterwards in the third period (2000-2016). This is a pattern opposite to what we see in the cultivated land. The overall trend shows that grazing and cultivated land increase by 14% and 15% respectively while, the water bodies decreased by about 16%. The reduction of woodlands and water bodies means loss of habitat for large number of aquatic and terrestrial species of animals including endemic and migratory birds. Bare land trend shows that decrease by 1.02% in first period, increase by 0.56% in second period and decrease in third period by 4.17%. We conclude that in the park there is substantial change in LULC which could affect the biodiversity of the park. Keywords: Abijata Shalla Lakes National Park, Arc GIS, Biodiversity loss, ERDAS imagine, Land use/cover change Land Use/Land Cover Dynamics and Its Impact on Biodiversity Resources in the Abijata Shalla National Park, Central Rift Valley Lakes Region, Ethiopia