Impact of immunopathology on the antituberculous activity of pyrazinamide.

Impact of immunopathology on the antituberculous activity of pyrazinamide.
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DOI:
10.1084/jem.20180518
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发表时间:
2018-08-06
期刊:
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Dartois V
Dartois V
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Blanc L;Sarathy JP;Alvarez Cabrera N;O'Brien P;Dias-Freedman I;Mina M;Sacchettini J;Savic RM;Gengenbacher M;Podell BK;Prideaux B;Ioerger T;Dick T;Dartois V

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This study presents a comprehensive lesion-centric analysis of disease progression in the rabbit model of tuberculosis, showing immunopathology and lesion heterogeneity similar to human and nonhuman primates. In this model, pyrazinamide sterilizes necrotic lesions, where persistent bacterial populations reside. In the 1970s, inclusion of pyrazinamide (PZA) in the drug regimen of tuberculosis (TB) patients for the first 2 mo achieved a drastic reduction of therapy duration. Until now, however, the mechanisms underlying PZA’s unique contribution to efficacy have remained controversial, and animal efficacy data vary across species. To understand how PZA kills bacterial populations present in critical lung lesion compartments, we first characterized a rabbit model of active TB, showing striking similarities in lesion types and fates to nonhuman primate models deemed the most appropriate surrogates of human TB. We next employed this model with lesion-centric molecular and bacteriology readouts to demonstrate that PZA exhibits potent activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis residing in difficult-to-sterilize necrotic lesions. Our data also indicate that PZA is slow acting, suggesting that PZA administration beyond the first 2 mo may accelerate the cure. In conclusion, we provide a pharmacodynamic explanation for PZA’s treatment-shortening effect and deliver new tools to dissect the contribution of immune response versus drug at the lesion level.
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