Influence of the 2014-2015 Ebola outbreak on the vaccination of children in a rural district of Guinea
Influence of the 2014-2015 Ebola outbreak on the vaccination of children in a rural district of Guinea
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DOI：
10.5588/pha.16.0120
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发表时间：
2017-06-21
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Zachariah, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Camara, B. S.;Delamou, A. M.;Zachariah, R.
设定：几内亚农村地区马森塔区的所有卫生中心。目的：比较埃博拉前、埃博拉和埃博拉病毒病后时期疫苗、疫苗库存卡和各种儿童疫苗的缺货情况。设计：这是一项生态学研究。结果：观察到所有疫苗的缺货水平相似（卡介苗[BCG]，五价，脊髓灰质炎，麻疹，黄热病）在前埃博拉和埃博拉时期（分别为2760和2706设施缺货日），与疫苗的一些变化。埃博拉疫情后，缺货情况比埃博拉疫情前减少了65倍。总体而言，埃博拉疫情爆发前，疫苗库存卡缺货24个设施月，埃博拉疫情爆发期间，缺货增加到65个设施月;埃博拉疫情爆发后，没有发生此类缺货。除黄热病和麻疹外，在疫情高峰期（2014年8月至11月），疫苗接种普遍减少。2014年4月，观察到卡介苗接种完全停止，脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种明显减少（减少86%），这与疫苗缺货相对应。埃博拉疫情后，疫苗接种总量并未恢复到埃博拉疫情前的水平，其中脊灰和五价疫苗缺口最大，分别短缺40%和38%.Conclusion：这些发现强调了几内亚需要持续开展疫苗接种活动，以便在疾病爆发的情况下，保持疫苗接种的弹性和响应能力。
Setting: All health centres in Macenta District, rural Guinea.Objective: To compare stock-outs of vaccines, vaccine stock cards and the administration of various childhood vaccines across the pre-Ebola, Ebola and post-Ebola virus disease periods.Design: This was an ecological study.Results: Similar levels of stock-outs were observed for all vaccines (bacille Calmette-Guerin [BCG], pentavalent, polio, measles, yellow fever) in the pre-Ebola and Ebola periods (respectively 2760 and 2706 facility days of stock-outs), with some variation by vaccine. Post-Ebola, there was a 65-fold reduction in stock-outs compared to pre-Ebola. Overall, 24 facility-months of vaccine stock card stock-outs were observed during the pre-Ebola period, which increased to 65 facility-months of stock-outs during the Ebola outbreak period; no such stock-out occurred in the post-Ebola period. Apart from yellow fever and measles, vaccine administration declined universally during the peak outbreak period (August-November 2014). Complete cessation of vaccine administration for BCG and a prominent low for polio (86% decrease) were observed in April 2014, corresponding to vaccine stock-outs. Post- Ebola, overall vaccine administration did not recover to pre-Ebola levels, with the highest gaps seen in polio and pentavalent vaccines, which had shortages of respectively 40% and 38%.Conclusion: These findings highlight the need to sustain vaccination activities in Guinea so that they remain resilient and responsive, irrespective of disease outbreaks.