Cultivation of globally distributed soil bacteria from phylogenetic lineages previously only detected in cultivation-independent surveys
Cultivation of globally distributed soil bacteria from phylogenetic lineages previously only detected in cultivation-independent surveys
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1462-2920.2002.00352.x
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Janssen, PH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sait, M;Hugenholtz, P;Janssen, PH
采用以木聚糖为生长底物的微量琼脂培养基对澳大利亚牧场土壤10 cm土层中微生物的可培性进行了研究。可培养能力随着深度的增加而降低，从0-2 cm的最大可培养细胞总数的19%下降到8-10 cm的2.4%。通过16S rRNA基因序列比较分析，鉴定出71株核心分离株。其中许多分离物属于全球分布的土壤细菌群，包括阿尔法蛋白细菌和β蛋白细菌亚类以及放线杆菌亚类的特征良好的家族。其他分离物属于极少或没有培养代表的群：酸杆菌门两个亚纲的10个分离物，新目的5个分离物和甲蛋白杆菌纲的一个新科的9个分离物，伽马蛋白杆菌纲的两个新目的两个分离物，放线杆菌亚纲的两个新科的三个分离物，红杆菌亚纲的两个分离物。这些新的菌株代表了第一批能够归入其中一些组的实验室培养物，并极大地增加了其他组已知的培养菌株的数量。这表明，对培养策略的最小改变(使用聚合物生长底物和更长的培养时间)可以导致分离出全球分布但以前未培养的系统发育新颖的土壤细菌。
The culturability of microorganisms in a 10 cm core of an Australian pasture soil was investigated using a minimal agar medium with xylan as the growth substrate. Culturability decreased with increasing depth, from a maximum of 19% of the total microscopically countable cells in the 0-2 cm section to 2.4% in the 8-10 cm section. Seventy-one isolates from the core were identified by comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Many of these isolates belong to groups of globally distributed soil bacteria, including well-characterized families of the classes Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria, and of the subclass Actinobacteridae. Other isolates belong to groups with few or no cultivated representatives: 10 isolates in two subdivisions of the phylum Acidobacteria, five isolates in a new order and nine isolates in a new family of the class Alphaproteobacteria, two isolates in a new order of the class Gammaproteobacteria, three isolates in two new families of the subclass Actinobacteridae, and two isolates in the subclass Rubrobacteridae. These new isolates represent the first laboratory cultures able to be assigned to some of these groups and greatly increase the number of cultivated strains known for others. This demonstrates that a minimal change in cultivation strategy (using a polymeric growth substrate and longer incubation times) can result in the isolation of globally distributed but previously uncultured phylogenetically novel soil bacteria.