Illuminating the impact of diel vertical migration on visual gene expression in deep-sea shrimp
Illuminating the impact of diel vertical migration on visual gene expression in deep-sea shrimp
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DOI：
10.1111/mec.15570
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发表时间：
2020-08-26
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Bracken-Grissom, Heather D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DeLeo, Danielle M.;Bracken-Grissom, Heather D.
海洋动物昼夜垂直迁移（DVM）是地球上最大的迁移之一。迁徙动物受到各种光场和环境条件的影响，这些光场和环境条件可能对感觉机制，包括生物体的视觉能力产生显著影响。在深海迁徙者中，有一种名为Oplophorid的虾，它们垂直迁徙数百米，在夜间到浅水沃茨觅食。这些物种也有生物发光的发光器官，在迁徙过程中发光，以帮助伪装。这些器官最近被证明含有视觉蛋白（视蛋白）和推断光敏感性的基因。关于垂直迁移行为和波动的环境条件对感觉系统进化的影响的知识是未知的。在这项研究中，OplophoridSystellaspis debilis要么是在白天从深沃茨或在夜间从相对较浅的沃茨，以确保整个垂直分布范围的采样。从白天/夜间标本的光敏感组织（眼睛/眼）的从头转录组进行测序和分析，以表征视蛋白多样性和视觉/光相互作用基因。还进行基因表达分析以量化与DVM相关的表达差异。我们的研究结果揭示了扩大视蛋白库之间的虾和差异视蛋白表达，可能与迁移过程中的光谱调谐。这项研究揭示了生物发光无脊椎动物的感觉系统，并为眼外光敏感性提供了额外的证据。我们的研究结果进一步表明，视蛋白的共同表达和随后的波动，视蛋白的表达可能发挥了重要作用，在多样化的垂直迁移的视觉反应。
Diel vertical migration (DVM) of marine animals represents one of the largest migrations on our planet. Migrating fauna are subjected to a variety of light fields and environmental conditions that can have notable impacts on sensory mechanisms, including an organism's visual capabilities. Among deep-sea migrators are oplophorid shrimp that vertically migrate hundreds of metres to feed in shallow waters at night. These species also have bioluminescent light organs that emit light during migrations to aid in camouflage. The organs have recently been shown to contain visual proteins (opsins) and genes that infer light sensitivity. Knowledge regarding the impacts of vertical migratory behaviour, and fluctuating environmental conditions, on sensory system evolution is unknown. In this study, the oplophoridSystellaspis debiliswas either collected during the day from deep waters or at night from relatively shallow waters to ensure sampling across the vertical distributional range. De novo transcriptomes of light-sensitive tissues (eyes/photophores) from theday/nightspecimens were sequenced and analysed to characterize opsin diversity and visual/light interaction genes. Gene expression analyses were also conducted to quantify expression differences associated with DVM. Our results revealed an expanded opsin repertoire among the shrimp and differential opsin expression that may be linked to spectral tuning during the migratory process. This study sheds light on the sensory systems of a bioluminescent invertebrate and provides additional evidence for extraocular light sensitivity. Our findings further suggest opsin co-expression and subsequent fluctuations in opsin expression may play an important role in diversifying the visual responses of vertical migrators.