Changes in the nutrients of camels' milk alter the functional features of the intestine microbiota.
Changes in the nutrients of camels' milk alter the functional features of the intestine microbiota.
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DOI：
10.1039/c8fo00812d
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发表时间：
2018-12
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Yuyu Shao;Zhaoxia Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yuyu Shao;Zhaoxia Wang
热处理改变了骆驼奶的营养质量，从而改变了肠道微生物群，但热处理引起的营养损失对肠道微生物群功能特征的影响尚不清楚。本研究通过对骆驼奶进行两种热处理对肠道菌群的影响，探讨了奶中营养成分与肠道菌群功能特征之间的相关性。用低温（65°C）或高温（100°C）处理过的骆驼奶饲喂小鼠（LM =低温，HM =高温）；对照组小鼠接受无菌蒸馏水（CW = control）。采用基于宏基因组学的16S rRNA基因高通量测序方法比较三组小鼠肠道菌群。结果表明，LM组小鼠的益生菌属（Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus）相对丰度显著高于HM组小鼠，这是由于骆驼奶中营养物质的高温降解所致。接受母乳喂养的小鼠肠道微生物群的多样性低于对照组，因为在骆驼奶中检测到高抗菌成分（乳铁蛋白和溶菌酶）。LM组小鼠肠道菌群的碳水化合物消化吸收、半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸代谢显著高于HM组小鼠，这是由于骆驼奶中乳糖、半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸在高温下相应降解所致。骆驼奶营养成分的变化影响了肠道微生物群功能特征的变化。这项研究表明，低温热处理在实现营养保存的同时，也促进了益生菌属的生长。
Heat treatment alters the nutritive quality of camels' milk and thus the intestine microbiota, but the effect of heat treatment-induced nutrient loss on the functional features of the intestine microbiota is unknown. In this study, the influence of two heat treatments of camels' milk on the intestine microbiota was investigated to establish the correlations between milk nutrients and the functional features of the intestine microbiota. Camels' milk, heat treated at low (65 °C) or high (100 °C) temperatures, was administered to mice (LM = low; HM = high); control mice received sterile distilled water (CW = control). Intestine microbiota were compared in the three groups using metagenomic-based 16S rRNA gene high throughput sequencing. The results showed that the relative abundance of probiotic genera (Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus) was significantly higher in the LM group mice than in the HM group mice, due to the high-temperature degradation of the nutrients of camels' milk. The diversity of the intestine microbiota in mice receiving milk was lower than in the control group because of the intrinsically high antimicrobial components (lactoferrin and lysozyme) detected in camels' milk. Carbohydrate digestion/absorption, and cysteine and methionine metabolism were significantly higher in the intestine microbiota of the LM group mice than in the HM group mice owing to the corresponding degradation of lactose, cysteine and methionine in camels' milk at high temperatures. Changes in the nutrients of camels' milk affected the changes in the functional features of the intestine microbiota. This research suggests that low temperature heat treatment achieves nutrient preservation, but also encourages probiotic genera.