Ozone impact from solar energetic particles cools the polar stratosphere.
Ozone impact from solar energetic particles cools the polar stratosphere.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-022-34666-y
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发表时间：
2022-11-12
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Kalakoski, Niilo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Szelag, Monika E.;Marsh, Daniel R.;Verronen, Pekka T.;Seppala, Annika;Kalakoski, Niilo
了解太阳高能粒子降水（EPP）的大气影响仍然具有挑战性，从臭氧响应的量化到对温度的影响。这两者对于理解EPP和区域气候变率之间的联系都是必要的。在这里，我们使用的化学气候模式来评估的重要性，EPP在冬末/春季极地平流层。在瞬态模拟中，使用耦合模型相互比较项目（CMIP 6）当前建议的EPP强迫时，对NOy、臭氧和温度的影响被低估。由此产生的温度响应在很大程度上被整体动态变化所掩盖。一个理想化的实验与EPP迫使再现观测到的NOy水平的结果在一个显着减少臭氧（高达25%），冷却平流层（高达3 K）在冬末/春季。我们的研究结果解开了不一致的温度响应EPP驱动的春季臭氧减少，并强调需要一个改进的EPP强迫气候模拟。这项工作揭示了冬末/春季期间高能粒子降水（EPP）对臭氧和平流层温度的显着影响，并强调需要改进气候模拟中十年EPP强迫的表示。
Understanding atmospheric impacts of solar energetic particle precipitation (EPP) remains challenging, from quantification of the response in ozone, to implications on temperature. Both are necessary to understand links between EPP and regional climate variability. Here we use a chemistry-climate model to assess the importance of EPP on late winter/spring polar stratosphere. In transient simulations, the impact on NOy, ozone, and temperature is underestimated when using EPP forcing from the current recommendation of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). The resulting temperature response is largely masked by overall dynamical variability. An idealised experiment with EPP forcing that reproduces observed levels of NOy results in a significant reduction of ozone (up to 25%), cooling the stratosphere (up to 3 K) during late winter/spring. Our results unravel the inconsistency regarding the temperature response to EPP-driven springtime ozone decrease, and highlight the need for an improved EPP forcing in climate simulations. This work reveals a significant energetic particle precipitation (EPP) impact on ozone and stratospheric temperatures during late winter/spring and highlights the need for an improved representation of decadal EPP forcing in climate simulations.
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