Ethnic density effects on health and experienced racism among Caribbean people in the US and England: A cross-national comparison
Ethnic density effects on health and experienced racism among Caribbean people in the US and England: A cross-national comparison
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.03.046
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Heuvelman, Hein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Becares, Laia;Nazroo, James;Heuvelman, Hein
研究表明种族密度效应，即一个地区少数民族人口比例的增加与其居民发病率的降低相关，尽管证据各不相同。由于移民原因和时期、种族/族裔群体及其居住地的社会经济状况的差异，可能会出现差异。重要的是增加我们对这些因素如何促进或减轻种族密度影响的理解。跨国比较分析可能在这方面有所帮助，因为它们提供了感兴趣人群的历史和当代特征更大的异质性，只有当我们在人们的生活背景中考虑这种异质性时，我们才能更充分地理解社会条件和邻里环境如何影响移民和种族/少数族裔人口的健康。本研究分析了美国和英国的两项全国代表性横断面调查，以探讨和对比两种种族密度指标（黑人和加勒比族裔密度）与健康和有经验的人之间的关系。加勒比地区人民的种族主义。多级逻辑回归的结果表明，名义上相似的种族密度衡量标准在两国的健康结果和经历过的种族主义衡量标准中表现不同。在美国，加勒比地区种族密度的增加与健康状况的改善和种族主义的减少有关，但在英国却出现了相反的情况。另一方面，黑人种族密度的增加与加勒比英语人的健康状况改善和经历的种族主义减少有关（结果不具有统计显着性），但与加勒比美国人无关。通过比较美国和英国相互调整的加勒比海和黑人种族密度效应，本研究考察了种族和族裔的社会建构，因为它取决于种族化和污名化的含义，以及这些不同种族化身份与健康的关联。 (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Studies indicate an ethnic density effect, whereby an increase in the proportion of racial/ethnic minority people in an area is associated with reduced morbidity among its residents, though evidence is varied. Discrepancies may arise due to differences in the reasons for and periods of migration, and socioeconomic profiles of the racial/ethnic groups and the places where they live. It is important to increase our understanding of how these factors might promote or mitigate ethnic density effects. Cross-national comparative analyses might help in this respect, as they provide greater heterogeneity in historical and contemporary characteristics in the populations of interest, and it is when we consider this heterogeneity in the contexts of peoples' lives that we can more fully understand how social conditions and neighbourhood environments influence the health of migrant and racial/ethnic minority populations.This study analysed two cross-sectional nationally representative surveys, in the US and in England, to explore and contrast the association between two ethnic density measures (black and Caribbean ethnic density) and health and experienced racism among Caribbean people. Results of multilevel logistic regressions show that nominally similar measures of ethnic density perform differently across health outcomes and measures of experienced racism in the two countries. In the US, increased Caribbean ethnic density was associated with improved health and decreased experienced racism, but the opposite was observed in England. On the other hand, increased black ethnic density was associated with improved health and decreased experienced racism of Caribbean English (results not statistically significant), but not of Caribbean Americans. By comparing mutually adjusted Caribbean and black ethnic density effects in the US and England, this study examined the social construction of race and ethnicity as it depends on the racialised and stigmatised meaning attributed to it, and the association that these different racialised identities have on health. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.