Adaptation of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.) to Abiotic Stresses: A Special Perspective of Responses to Nitrogen and Phosphate Limitations
Adaptation of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.) to Abiotic Stresses: A Special Perspective of Responses to Nitrogen and Phosphate Limitations
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2020.00187
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发表时间：
2020-02
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
F. Nadeem;Z. Ahmad;Mahmood ul Hassan;Ruifeng Wang;Xianmin Diao;Xuexian Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Nadeem;Z. Ahmad;Mahmood ul Hassan;Ruifeng Wang;Xianmin Diao;Xuexian Li
在各种环境制约因素中，非生物胁迫通过限制作物生产和扰乱粮食作物的地理分布，增加了全球粮食不安全的风险。众所周知，小米具有对不利环境，特别是贫瘠土壤条件的恢复能力的独特特征，尽管潜在的机制尚未确定。谷子具有二倍体基因组小、身材矮小、制种能力强、C4光合作用和生命周期短等特点，是研究营养胁迫反应的理想模式作物。众所周知，它是一种耐旱作物，对低氮和低磷的响应分别是根系的减少和增强。这种特殊的反应与玉米和其他一些谷物所表现出的反应大不相同。与低氮条件下根系较小相比，谷子增加了生物量积累，促进了根系增粗，可能是为了养分转运。谷子对磷酸盐的低响应与谷子体内的氮状态有关，而氮状态往往是调控氮转运体表达的信号，表明谷子体内的氮营养与谷子体内的氮营养存在内在联系。综上所述，谷子的低氮低磷响应可作为进一步确定其分子机制的基础。本文将重点介绍谷子的非生物胁迫响应，重点介绍谷子与其他作物相比的低氮低磷适应响应。
Amongst various environmental constraints, abiotic stresses are increasing the risk of food insecurity worldwide by limiting crop production and disturbing the geographical distribution of food crops. Millets are known to possess unique features of resilience to adverse environments, especially infertile soil conditions, although the underlying mechanisms are yet to be determined. The small diploid genome, short stature, excellent seed production, C4 photosynthesis, and short life cycle of foxtail millet make it a very promising model crop for studying nutrient stress responses. Known to be a drought-tolerant crop, it responds to low nitrogen and low phosphate by respective reduction and enhancement of its root system. This special response is quite different from that shown by maize and some other cereals. In contrast to having a smaller root system under low nitrogen, foxtail millet enhances biomass accumulation, facilitating root thickening, presumably for nutrient translocation. The low phosphate response of foxtail millet links to the internal nitrogen status, which tends to act as a signal regulating the expression of nitrogen transporters and hence indicates its inherent connection with nitrogen nutrition. Altogether, the low nitrogen and low phosphate responses of foxtail millet can act as a basis to further determine the underlying molecular mechanisms. Here, we will highlight the abiotic stress responses of foxtail millet with a key note on its low nitrogen and low phosphate adaptive responses in comparison to other crops.