Dissociations in numerical abilities revealed by progressive cognitive decline in a patient with semantic dementia
Dissociations in numerical abilities revealed by progressive cognitive decline in a patient with semantic dementia
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DOI：
10.1080/02643290442000293
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发表时间：
2005-10-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Butterworth, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cappelletti, M;Kopelman, MD;Butterworth, B
本研究描述了对语义痴呆患者 (IH) 数字能力恶化情况的 3 年跟踪调查。此前有一些研究报道了退行性疾病患者的数字知识下降，但在语义痴呆中几乎从未报道过（Diesfeldt，1993；Girelli，Luzzatti，Annoni，＆Vecchi，1999；Grafman，Kempen，Rosenberg，Salazar，＆Boller，1989）。这些研究主要通过数字任务中错误的增加来描述患者表现的变化。另一方面，据报道，局灶性病变患者的不同类型的数字能力或不同的算术运算之间存在分离。在本研究中，数字处理的认知基础在患者认知衰退的整个过程中得以揭示。纵向研究得出两个主要结果：首先，尽管患者的非算术概念知识严重受损，但算术概念知识仍保存完好。其次，患者的逐渐衰退揭示了不同数字能力之间的分离模式。这些是在（1）乘法和其他算术运算之间，特别是在算法的使用中出现； (2) 一方面数字事实和程序知识受损，另一方面算术概念知识受损； (3)不同类型的转码技巧。讨论了这些分离对数字处理认知架构的影响。
This study describes a 3-year follow-up investigation of the deterioration of number abilities in a semantic dementia patient (IH). A few studies have previously reported the decline of number knowledge in patients with degenerative disorders, although almost never in semantic dementia (Diesfeldt, 1993; Girelli, Luzzatti, Annoni, & Vecchi, 1999; Grafman, Kempen, Rosenberg, Salazar, & Boller, 1989). These studies described the change of the patients' performance mainly in terms of increased errors in number tasks. On the other hand, dissociations between different types of number abilities, or different arithmetical operations, have been reported in patients with focal lesions. In the present investigation, the cognitive basis of number processing was revealed throughout the patient's cognitive decline. Two major results emerged from a longitudinal study: First, the patient's conceptual knowledge of arithmetic was well preserved despite severe impairment of nonarithmetic conceptual knowledge. Second, the patient's progressive decline revealed patterns of dissociations between different number abilities. These were between ( 1) multiplication and other arithmetical operations, which particularly emerged in the use of algorithms; ( 2) impaired knowledge of number facts and procedures on one hand, and conceptual knowledge of arithmetic on the other; and ( 3) different types of transcoding skills. The implications of these dissociations for the cognitive architecture of number processing are discussed.