Approach-motivated positive affect reduces breadth of attention
Approach-motivated positive affect reduces breadth of attention
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02112.x
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Harmon-Jones, Eddie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gable, Philip A.;Harmon-Jones, Eddie
研究发现，积极的情感可以扩大注意力。然而，这些研究都操纵积极的影响，是低的接近动机。在接近动机中占优势的积极情感应该会减少注意力的广度，因为有机体在接近所需对象时会关闭不相关的刺激。四项研究探讨了接近动机的积极情感状态的注意后果。结果与预测一致。参与者在观看高接近激励的积极刺激后表现出比观看低接近激励的积极刺激（研究1）或中性刺激（研究2）更少的全局注意力集中。研究3发现，更大的特质接近动机导致更少的全球注意力集中后，被试观看接近动机的积极刺激。研究4独立操纵情感和接近动机。更大的接近动机的积极影响导致较低的全球关注。高接近动机的积极情感降低了整体注意力集中，而低接近动机的积极情感增加了整体注意力集中。将接近动机的强度转化为积极情感的模型，可以拓宽对积极情感后果的理解。
Research has found that positive affect broadens attention. However, these studies have manipulated positive affect that is low in approach motivation. Positive affect that is high in approach motivation should reduce the breadth of attention, as organisms shut out irrelevant stimuli as they approach desired objects. Four studies examined the attentional consequences of approach-motivated positive-affect states. Results were consistent with predictions. Participants showed less global attentional focus after viewing high-approach-motivating positive stimuli than after viewing low-approach-motivating positive stimuli (Study 1) or neutral stimuli (Study 2). Study 3 found that greater trait approach motivation resulted in less global attentional focus after participants viewed approach-motivating positive stimuli. Study 4 manipulated affect and approach motivation independently. Greater approach-motivated positive affect caused lower global focus. High-approach-motivated positive affect reduces global attentional focus, whereas low-approach-motivated positive affect increases global attentional focus. Incorporating the intensity of approach motivation into models of positive affect broadens understanding of the consequences of positive affect.