Biological and biogeochemical effects of organic matter and drilling discharges in two sediment communities
Biological and biogeochemical effects of organic matter and drilling discharges in two sediment communities
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两个沉积物群落中有机质和钻井排放物的生物和生物地球化学效应
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Karl Norling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Trannum;H. Nilsson;M. Schaanning;Karl Norling
研究了群落特征、有机质输入与钻屑的关系。钻屑是从近海石油和天然气勘探中排出的，并沉积在软弱的海底沉积物上，在那里海底动物可能会受到影响。在3因素中隔实验中，分别用水基钻屑和天然底泥加或不加有机质处理2个底栖生物群落，并研究了生物化学和生物学反应。有机基质和钻屑的生物地球化学反应相似，都导致氧、硝酸盐和氨氮的沉积水通量增加，孔隙水中氧的浓度降低。这一发现表明，水基钻屑中的一种有机化合物发生了降解。在生物反应方面，PERMANOVA表明，各处理因子的底栖生物群落组成存在显著差异。在没有添加有机质的盒子里，丰度和生物量降低了，这可能是对饥饿的反应，而在有钻屑的盒子里，丰度和类群丰富度降低了。水基钻屑对环境的特殊影响似乎很复杂，应该进一步调查。
The present study investigates the relation between community characteristics, input of organic matter and drill cuttings. Drill cuttings are discharged from offshore oil and gas exploration, and settle on soft bottom sediments where the benthic fauna may be affected. In a 3- factorial mesocosm experiment, 2 benthic communities were treated with either water-based drill cuttings or natural sediment in combination with addition or no addition of organic matter, and biochemical and biological responses were studied. The biogeochemical response of organic mat- ter and drill cuttings additions resembled each other, in both cases resulting in enhanced sedi- ment-water fluxes of oxygen, nitrate and ammonium, and reduced concentration of oxygen in sed- iment pore water. This finding indicated degradation of an organic compound in the water-based drill cuttings. Regarding the biological response, benthic community composition was signifi- cantly different for all treatment factors, evidenced by PERMANOVA. Abundance and biomass were reduced in boxes without addition of organic matter, probably as a response to starvation, while abundance and taxa richness were reduced in boxes with drill cuttings. The particular effect of water-based drill cuttings on the environment seems to be complex, and should be investigated further.