Pitfalls and Snap Traps for Sampling Small Mammals and Herpetofauna
Pitfalls and Snap Traps for Sampling Small Mammals and Herpetofauna
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小型哺乳动物和爬行动物采样的陷阱和陷阱
DOI：
10.2307/2425786
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发表时间：
1987
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
D. Guynn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. T. Mengak;D. Guynn
进行实验以比较漂移栅栏陷阱与三种类型的捕捉器对小型哺乳动物取样的效率，并确定陷阱对爬行动物取样的有用性。 1984年冬季，陷阱和Victor捕鼠器捕获小型哺乳动物的率低于Victor捕鼠器（P<0.01）。 1984年夏秋两季，陷阱的捕获率高于Victor捕鼠器的捕获率（P<0.01）。 1985 年冬季和夏季，陷阱和博物馆特价商品的捕获率相似。带有漂流栅栏的陷阱还捕获了 220 只爬行动物和两栖动物。简介 某种形式的诱捕通常用于对当地动物群的成员进行取样。大多数作者都认为，诱捕方法的组合可以产生最完整的群落组成数据，并减少与各种诱捕器相关的偏差（Getz，1961；Smith 等，1971；Weiner 和 Smith，1972）。 Boonstra 和 Rodd (1984) 及其他人将传统的活体陷阱与针对单一物种小型哺乳动物的陷阱进行了比较。然而，据我们所知，还没有研究比较捕捉器和陷阱对大量物种的有效性。我们比较了三种捕捉器类型和使用漂移围栏的陷阱作为收集小型哺乳动物的方法，并检查了陷阱对爬行动物取样的有效性。研究领域 数据收集自南卡罗来纳州西部皮埃蒙特高原地区的阿布维尔、埃奇菲尔德、格林伍德、麦考密克和萨卢达县。对年轻（0-21 岁）、同龄火炬松（Pinus taeda）林内的 28 个地点进行了采样。地点选择的标准包括种子树或种植园的再生、砍伐和燃烧的场地准备和进入（Smith，1962）。先前稀疏或最近发生过火灾的林分未被选择。研究地点位于萨姆特国家森林的长甘蔗区和国际纸业公司拥有的土地上。平均树龄为 6.6 年（SE = 1.2 年），树木密度为 3078 棵松树/公顷（SE = 489.0 棵松树/公顷）。研究县的年平均气温和降水量分别为 16.7 摄氏度和 150 厘米（NOAA，1983）。林分大小从 4 到 200 公顷不等，平均为 58.1 公顷（SE = 9.95 公顷）。材料和方法 通过在每个研究地点的地图上绘制网格线并随机选择五条线来确定陷阱位置。陷阱被任意放置在陷阱线的中心，并与最近的两条线等距。通过使用指南针并从看台边界或道路交叉口定速来实现线路和陷阱的现场放置。通过预先选择陷阱位置，我们减少了与陷阱线和陷阱的主观放置相关的任何偏差。陷阱陷阱。 -我们使用带有漂移栅栏的陷阱来采集小型陆生脊椎动物的样本。每个地点都使用具有四个栅栏部分的单个十字形阵列（Campbell 和 Christman，1982）。所有围栏均由 5 米长的铝制防水板构成，放置在 8-12 厘米深的沟渠中。围栏的所有部分相距 15 m。场地的围栏高度被随机分配为 25.4 厘米或 50.8 厘米。每个围栏部分的两端都埋有一个 19 升的塑料桶，与地面齐平。 '现地址：弗鲁姆学院生命科学部，弗鲁姆，弗吉尼亚州，24088。
Experiments were conducted to compare the efficiency of drift-fence pitfalls with three types of snap traps for sampling small mammals and to determine the usefulness of pitfalls for sampling herpetofauna. During winter 1984, small mammal capture rates were lower in pitfalls and Victor rat traps than in Victor mouse traps (P<0.01). During summer and autumn 1984, capture rates in pitfalls were greater than in Victor mouse traps (P<0.01). During winter and summer 1985, capture rates of pitfalls and Museum Specials were similar. Pitfalls with drift fences also captured 220 individual reptiles and amphibians. INTRODUCTION Some form of trapping is often used to sample the members of a local fauna. Most authors agree that a combination of trapping methods yields the most complete data on community composition and reduces biases associated with various traps (Getz, 1961; Smith et al., 1971; Weiner and Smith, 1972). Boonstra and Rodd (1984) and others have compared conventional live traps with pitfalls for a single species of small mammal. However, we know of no studies comparing the effectiveness of snap traps and pitfalls for a large assemblage of species. We compare three snap trap types and pitfalls with drift fences as methods for collecting small mammals, and examine the effectiveness of pitfalls for sampling herpetofauna. STUDY AREAS Data were collected from Abbeville, Edgefield, Greenwood, McCormick and Saluda counties in the Piedmont Plateau Region of western South Carolina. Twenty-eight sites within young (0-21 years old), even-aged loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) stands were sampled. Criteria for site selection included seed-tree or plantation regeneration, chop-and-burn site preparation and access (Smith, 1962). Stands previously thinned or with a recent history of fire were not selected. Study sites were located on the Long Cane Division of the Sumter National Forest and lands owned by International Paper Company. Average tree age was 6.6 years (SE = 1.2 years) and tree density was 3078 pines/ha (SE = 489.0 pines/ha). Average annual temperature and precipitation in the study counties was 16.7 C and 150 cm (NOAA, 1983), respectively. Stand size varied from 4-200 ha and averaged 58.1 ha (SE = 9.95 ha). MATERIALS AND METHODS Trap locations were determined by drawing grid lines on a map of each study site and randomly selecting five lines. Pitfalls were arbitrarily placed in the center of the trap lines and equidistant from the nearest two lines. Field placement of lines and pitfalls was achieved by using a compass and pacing from the stand boundary or road intersection. By preselecting trap locations, we reduced any bias associated with subjective placement of trap lines and pitfalls. Pitfall traps. -We used pitfalls with drift fences to sample small terrestrial vertebrates. A single cross-shaped array with four fence sections was used on each site (Campbell and Christman, 1982). All fences were constructed of 5-m sections of aluminum flashing placed in a ditch 8-12 cm deep. All sections of fence were 15 m apart. Sites were randomly assigned a fence height of either 25.4 cm or 50.8 cm. A 19-liter plastic bucket was buried flush with the ground at either end of each fence section. 'Present address: Division of Life Sciences, Ferrum College, Ferrum, Va. 24088.