Organ and brain crosstalk: The liver-brain axis in gastrointestinal, liver, and pancreatic diseases
Organ and brain crosstalk: The liver-brain axis in gastrointestinal, liver, and pancreatic diseases
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108915
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发表时间：
2022-03-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Kanai，Takanori
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matsubara，Yuta;Kiyohara，Hiroki;Kanai，Takanori
肝脏是人体最大的器官，负责三种主要营养素的代谢和储存：碳水化合物，脂肪和蛋白质。此外，肝脏有助于酒精、药物和有毒物质的分解和排泄，以及胆汁的产生和分泌。除了作为代谢中心的作用外，肝脏最近还因其在肝-脑轴中的功能而引起关注，肝-脑轴通过自主神经系统（包括迷走神经）与中枢神经系统密切相互作用。肝脑轴通过肝脏的刺激影响中枢神经系统对进食行为的控制。相反，来自中枢神经系统的神经信号影响肝脏中的葡萄糖、脂质和蛋白质代谢。肝脏还通过门静脉系统接受来自肠道的营养素和激素以及细菌来源的化合物的持续流入。因此，肠道和肝脏参与各种免疫相互作用。一个很好的例子是原发性硬化性胆管炎和溃疡性结肠炎的共同发生。肝-脑轴的这些异质性作用通过迷走神经以不对称的方式介导。在这篇评论中，我们概述了这些相互作用，主要是与肝脏的相互作用，也与大脑和肠道的相互作用。本文是“外周与大脑之间的交叉对话”特刊的一部分。
The liver is the largest organ in the human body and is responsible for the metabolism and storage of the three principal nutrients: carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. In addition, the liver contributes to the breakdown and excretion of alcohol, medicinal agents, and toxic substances and the production and secretion of bile. In addition to its role as a metabolic centre, the liver has recently attracted attention for its function in the liver-brain axis, which interacts closely with the central nervous system via the autonomic nervous system, including the vagus nerve. The liver-brain axis influences the control of eating behaviour in the central nervous system through stimuli from the liver. Conversely, neural signals from the central nervous system influence glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism in the liver. The liver also receives a constant influx of nutrients and hormones from the intestinal tract and compounds of bacterial origin via the portal system. As a result, the intestinal tract and liver are involved in various immunological interactions. A good example is the co-occurrence of primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis. These heterogeneous roles of the liver-brain axis are mediated via the vagus nerve in an asymmetrical manner. In this review, we provide an overview of these interactions, mainly with the liver but also with the brain and gut.This article is part of the special Issue on ‘Cross Talk between Periphery and the Brain’.