Orexin A-induced enhancement of attentional processing in rats: role of basal forebrain neurons.
Orexin A-induced enhancement of attentional processing in rats: role of basal forebrain neurons.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-015-4139-z
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发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Burk JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zajo KN;Fadel JR;Burk JA
食欲素是源自外侧下丘脑和邻近的表现区神经元在多个脑区释放的神经肽。基底前脑，一个与注意力处理有关的结构，接受食欲能输入。我们之前的研究表明，食欲素-1受体拮抗剂SB-334867，无论是系统地还是通过直接输注到基底前脑，都可以破坏对注意力处理有明确要求的任务的表现。鉴于orexin-1受体与orexin A具有高亲和力，我们测试了orexin A是否可以增强大鼠的注意力。注意力表现是通过一项任务来评估的，该任务要求在没有信号的情况下区分来自试验的可变时长视觉信号。我们还测试了向侧脑室输注食欲素A是否可以减轻基底前脑引起的内侧前额叶皮质胆碱能投射损伤后的缺陷。向基底前脑注入食欲素A可减弱分心物引起的注意力下降。当视觉干扰物出现时，食欲素A能减轻受损动物的缺陷。目前的研究结果支持这样的观点，即食欲素A可以通过基底前脑的作用来提高注意力表现，并且可能对某些因皮质胆碱能输入中断而导致注意力功能障碍的疾病有益。
Orexins are neuropeptides released in multiple brain regions from neurons that originate within the lateral hypothalamus and contiguous perfornical area. The basal forebrain, a structure implicated in attentional processing, receives orexinergic inputs. Our previous work demonstrated that administration of an orexin-1 receptor antagonist, SB-334867, systemically or via infusion directly into the basal forebrain, can disrupt performance in a task that places explicit demands on attentional processing. Given that the orexin-1 receptor binds orexin A with high affinity, we tested whether orexin A could enhance attention in rats. Attentional performance was assessed using a task that required discrimination of variable duration visual signals from trials when no signal was presented. We also tested whether infusions of orexin A into the lateral ventricle could attenuate deficits following lesions of medial prefrontal cortical cholinergic projections that arise from the basal forebrain. Infusions of orexin A into the basal forebrain attenuated distracter-induced decreases in attentional performance. Orexin A attenuated deficits in lesioned animals when a visual distracter was presented. The present results support the view that orexin A can enhance attentional performance via actions in the basal forebrain and may be beneficial for some conditions characterized by attentional dysfunction due to disruption of cortical cholinergic inputs.