Interrupting peptidoglycan deacetylation during Bdellovibrio predator-prey interaction prevents ultimate destruction of prey wall, liberating bacterial-ghosts.
Interrupting peptidoglycan deacetylation during Bdellovibrio predator-prey interaction prevents ultimate destruction of prey wall, liberating bacterial-ghosts.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep26010
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发表时间：
2016-05-23
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Sockett RE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lambert C;Lerner TR;Bui NK;Somers H;Aizawa S;Liddell S;Clark A;Vollmer W;Lovering AL;Sockett RE
肽聚糖壁位于革兰氏阴性菌细胞被膜内外膜之间的周质中，维持细胞形状并赋予渗透稳健性。捕食性蛭弧菌细菌侵入其他细菌猎物细胞的周质，通常穿过肽聚糖层，形成称为蛭弧菌的瞬时结构，捕食者在其中复制。猎物的肽聚糖在几个小时内保持完整，但被逃逸的捕食者修饰并降解。在这里，我们显示捕食是通过删除两个蛭弧菌N-乙酰葡糖胺（GlcNAc）脱乙酰酶，其中一个，我们显示有一个独特的两个结构域的结构与一个新的监管“插头”改变。删除脱乙酰基酶限制肽聚糖降解和圆形的猎物细胞“鬼”后，持续的捕食者-捕食者退出。突变型捕食者可以在肽聚糖壁和外膜之间的周质区而不是在壁和内膜之间进行异常复制，但仍然可以从猎物细胞质中获得营养。删除另外两个编码DacB/PBP 4家族蛋白的基因，已知去交联和圆形猎物肽聚糖，导致四重突变蛭弧菌在捕食时留下猎物形状的幽灵。由此产生的细菌菌影包含细胞质膜，细胞质膜位于细菌形肽聚糖内，由外膜材料包围，外膜材料可能有希望作为容纳人工染色体的“细菌骨架”。
The peptidoglycan wall, located in the periplasm between the inner and outer membranes of the cell envelope in Gram-negative bacteria, maintains cell shape and endows osmotic robustness. Predatory Bdellovibrio bacteria invade the periplasm of other bacterial prey cells, usually crossing the peptidoglycan layer, forming transient structures called bdelloplasts within which the predators replicate. Prey peptidoglycan remains intact for several hours, but is modified and then degraded by escaping predators. Here we show predation is altered by deleting two Bdellovibrio N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) deacetylases, one of which we show to have a unique two domain structure with a novel regulatory”plug”. Deleting the deacetylases limits peptidoglycan degradation and rounded prey cell “ghosts” persist after mutant-predator exit. Mutant predators can replicate unusually in the periplasmic region between the peptidoglycan wall and the outer membrane rather than between wall and inner-membrane, yet still obtain nutrients from the prey cytoplasm. Deleting two further genes encoding DacB/PBP4 family proteins, known to decrosslink and round prey peptidoglycan, results in a quadruple mutant Bdellovibrio which leaves prey-shaped ghosts upon predation. The resultant bacterial ghosts contain cytoplasmic membrane within bacteria-shaped peptidoglycan surrounded by outer membrane material which could have promise as “bacterial skeletons” for housing artificial chromosomes.