Testing dispersal and cryptic diversity in a widely distributed groundwater amphipod (Niphargus rhenorhodanensis).
Testing dispersal and cryptic diversity in a widely distributed groundwater amphipod (Niphargus rhenorhodanensis).
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测试广泛分布的地下水片足类动物（Niphargus rhenorhodanensis）的分散和隐秘多样性。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ympev.2006.08.020
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
J. Gibert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Lefébure;C. Douady;F. Malard;J. Gibert
关于地下水定殖和进化的理论假设，地下水的破碎结构强烈地限制了扩散。地下水中大量的地方性和异域物种支持这一假设，但广泛分布的地下水类群的出现使其普遍性受到质疑。这些分布广泛的分类群也可能是一组隐物种，因为地下水中极端的生活条件通过诱导趋同的形态进化促进了隐物种的多样性。尼法格斯是一种分布广泛且普遍存在的地下水片足类动物，据推测是在第四纪冰期后在阿尔卑斯山定居的。我们使用基于两个线粒体基因（COI和16S）和一个核基因（28S）的系统地理学方法来验证该物种的扩散和隐种假说。研究结果支持分散性差是地下水演化的主要因素的观点。所有的基因都独立地支持了N. rhenorhodanensis中存在大量的隐生单位和主要的异源单位，表明其明显的广泛分布范围是隐生多样性产生的人工产物。我们拒绝了阿尔卑斯山最近和全球殖民的假设，并认为一些N. rhenorhodanensis谱系可能在阿尔卑斯山附近或内部的冰川时期幸存下来。
Theories about colonization and evolution in groundwater have assumed that the fragmented structure of groundwater strongly limits dispersal. The high number of endemic and allopatric species in groundwater supports this hypothesis, but the occurrence of widely distributed groundwater taxa calls into question its universality. These widely distributed taxa might also be sets of cryptic species because extreme conditions of life in groundwater promote cryptic diversity by inducing convergent morphological evolution. Niphargus rhenorhodanensis is a widely distributed and ubiquitous groundwater amphipod which supposedly colonized the Alps after Quaternary glaciations. We tested the dispersal and the cryptic species hypotheses within this species using a phylogeographic approach based on two mitochondrial genes (COI and 16S) and a nuclear gene (28S). Results support the view that poor dispersal is a main evolutionary factor in groundwater. All genes independently supported the existence of numerous cryptic and mostly allopatric units within N. rhenorhodanensis, indicating that its apparently wide distribution range is an artefact generated by cryptic diversity. We reject the hypothesis of a recent and global colonization of the Alps and argue that some N. rhenorhodanensis lineages probably survived glaciations near or within the Alps.