Differences in motivations and social impacts across urban agriculture types: Case studies in Europe and the US
Differences in motivations and social impacts across urban agriculture types: Case studies in Europe and the US
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DOI：
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104110
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发表时间：
2021-08-01
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Blythe, Chris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kirby, Caitlin K.;Specht, Kathrin;Blythe, Chris
城市农业是解决城市对社会和健康的负面影响的一种越来越受欢迎的方法。城市农业的社会效益包括改善健康和福祉、经济机会、社会凝聚力和教育。然而，城市农业参与者受到这些影响的动机或经历这些影响的程度很少被量化衡量，特别是在许多不同类型的城市农业中。我们分析了来自法国、德国、波兰、英国和美国的74个城市农业站点的调查数据，以定量评估城市农业类型、农民和园丁的动机以及城市农业的社会影响之间的关系。通过因子分析，我们建立了有效和可靠的测量参与者的动机和影响。我们确定了四个尺度：总体健康影响，营养健康影响，经济利益和社会化动机。通过多变量方差分析，我们记录了不同类型的城市农业的动机和报告的影响的显着差异。最后，我们进行了多层次的多变量分析，以探讨一般福祉的影响的预测。参与者具有更强的经济利益，更强的社会化动机，谁是他们的地块的所有者或主要经营者将被预测报告更大的总体福祉的影响城市农业。这些结果提供了有关城市农业项目影响的数据，使城市规划者和决策者能够最大限度地提高城市农业的预期社会效益。
Urban agriculture is an increasingly popular approach to addressing negative social and health effects of cities. Social benefits of urban agriculture include improved health and wellbeing, economic opportunities, social cohesion, and education. However, the extent to which urban agriculture participants are motivated by or experience these impacts has rarely been measured quantitatively, especially across the many different types of urban agriculture. We analyzed survey data from 74 urban agriculture sites in France, Germany, Poland, the United Kingdom, and the United States to quantitatively assess the relationships between urban agriculture types, farmers and gardeners' motivations, and the social impacts of urban agriculture. Through factor analysis, we established valid and reliable measurements of participants' motivations and impacts. We identified four scales: general wellbeing impacts, nutritional health impacts, economic interests, and socialization motivations. Through multivariate analysis of variance, we document significant differences in motivations and reported impacts across types of urban agriculture. Finally, we conducted a multilevel multivariate analysis to explore the predictors of general wellbeing impacts. Participants with stronger economic interests, stronger socialization motivations, and who are owners or primary operators of their plots would be predicted to report greater general wellbeing impacts of urban agriculture. These results provide data about the impacts of urban agriculture projects that enable urban planners and policymakers to maximize the desired social benefits of urban agriculture.