Effects of task requirements on rapid natural scene processing:: From common sensory encoding to distinct decisional mechanisms
Effects of task requirements on rapid natural scene processing:: From common sensory encoding to distinct decisional mechanisms
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DOI：
10.1037/0096-1523.33.5.1013
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发表时间：
2007-10-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Thorpe, Simon J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bacon-Mace, Nadege;Kirchner, Holle;Thorpe, Simon J.
使用手动响应，人类参与者可以非常快速且准确地确定自然场景中是否包含动物，但最近的数据表明，他们甚至可以更快地通过眼跳来指示两个场景中哪一个包含动物。两张图像的处理速度明显比单张图像的处理速度怎么可能更快？为了更好地理解强制选择分类中这种速度优势的起源，本研究使用掩蔽程序来比较 4 项任务，其中感觉、决策和运动方面系统地变化。当刺激起始异步 (SOA) 超过 40 毫秒时，任务之间的灵敏度存在显着差异（由 d' 测量确定），使用单个图像的任务具有优势。然而，当 SOA 低于 30-40 毫秒时，尽管反应时间差异很大，但所有实验的灵敏度都相似。这表明感官编码的初始部分依赖于跨大量任务的通用和并行处理，无论参与者是否必须对图像进行分类或在两个场景之一中定位目标。
Using manual responses, human participants are remarkably fast and accurate at deciding if a natural scene contains an animal, but recent data show that they are even faster to indicate with saccadic eye movements which of 2 scenes contains an animal. How could it be that 2 images can apparently be processed faster than a single image? To better understand the origin of this speed advantage in forced-choice categorization, the present study used a masking procedure to compare 4 tasks in which sensory, decisional, and motor aspects were systematically varied. With stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) above 40 ms, there were substantial differences in sensitivity between tasks, as determined by d' measurements, with an advantage for tasks using a single image. However, with SOAs below 30-40 ms, sensitivity was similar for all experiments, despite very large differences in reaction time. This suggests that the initial part of the sensory encoding relies on common and parallel processing across a large range of tasks, whether participants have to categorize the image or locate a target in 1 of 2 scenes.