Trends in smoking behaviour between 1985 and 2000 in nine European countries by education
Trends in smoking behaviour between 1985 and 2000 in nine European countries by education
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DOI：
10.1136/jech.2004.025684
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Mackenbach, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giskes, K;Kunst, AE;Mackenbach, JP
目的：调查 1985 年至 2000 年西欧的吸烟行为趋势是否因教育群体而异。 设计：吸烟行为和教育水平的数据来自 1985 年至 2000 年（这一时期以严格控烟政策为特征的时期）进行的全国横断面调查，并对国家进行合并分析和单独分析。总结了每个教育水平的吸烟流行率和吸烟者消费香烟数量的年度趋势。在四个时间点检查吸烟方面的教育不平等。背景：数据来自九个欧洲国家：挪威、瑞典、丹麦、芬兰、英国、荷兰、德国、意大利和西班牙。参与者：451 386 名 25-79 岁的非收容男性和女性。主要结果指标：吸烟状况、吸烟者每日消费的香烟数量。结果：综合国家分析显示，吸烟者和烟草消费量下降幅度更大。受过高等教育的男性和女性与受教育程度较低的男性和女性进行比较。在针对具体国家的分析中，受过初等教育的英国男性和女性以及受过初等教育的意大利男性的吸烟率比受过高等教育的男性和女性的吸烟率下降幅度更大。在瑞典、芬兰、丹麦、德国、意大利和西班牙女性中，受教育程度较高的群体的下降幅度更大。 结论：未来在一些欧洲国家可能会出现吸烟相关疾病教育不平等现象的扩大。通过研究这一时期英国和意大利的烟草控制政策，可以更深入地了解专门针对低教育群体吸烟行为的有效策略。
Objective: To examine whether trends in smoking behaviour in Western Europe between 1985 and 2000 differed by education group.Design: Data of smoking behaviour and education level were obtained from national cross sectional surveys conducted between 1985 and 2000 (a period characterised by intense tobacco control policies) and analysed for countries combined and each country separately. Annual trends in smoking prevalence and the quantity of cigarettes consumed by smokers were summarised for each education level. Education inequalities in smoking were examined at four time points.Setting: Data were obtained from nine European countries: Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Germany, Italy, and Spain.Participants: 451 386 non-institutionalised men and women 25-79 years old.Main outcome measures: Smoking status, daily quantity of cigarettes consumed by smokers.Results: Combined country analyses showed greater declines in smoking and tobacco consumption among tertiary educated men and women compared with their less educated counterparts. In country specific analyses, elementary educated British men and women, and elementary educated Italian men showed greater declines in smoking than their more educated counterparts. Among Swedish, Finnish, Danish, German, Italian, and Spanish women, greater declines were seen among more educated groups.Conclusions: Widening education inequalities in smoking related diseases may be seen in several European countries in the future. More insight into effective strategies specifically targeting the smoking behaviour of low educated groups may be gained from examining the tobacco control policies of the UK and Italy over this period.