Coexistence of Multiple Endemic and Pandemic Lineages of the Rice Blast Pathogen.
Coexistence of Multiple Endemic and Pandemic Lineages of the Rice Blast Pathogen.
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DOI：
10.1128/mbio.01806-17
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发表时间：
2018-04-03
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Tharreau D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gladieux P;Ravel S;Rieux A;Cros-Arteil S;Adreit H;Milazzo J;Thierry M;Fournier E;Terauchi R;Tharreau D
稻瘟病菌Magnaporthe piglets（syn.，梨孢霉（Pyricularia）既是对全球粮食安全的威胁，也是植物病理学的典范。分子病理学家需要准确理解的起源和线的下降，以确定病原体适应的遗传和功能基础，并指导更有效的控制策略的发展。我们对来自不同时间和地点的样本进行了全基因组序列分析，以从全球分离株集合中推断出有关米霉基因组成的详细信息。种群结构分析表明，稻瘟病菌有6个谱系，其中包括2个在粳稻和籼稻上大流行的谱系和4个分布较为局限的谱系。尖端测年校准表明，稻瘟病菌谱系在大约一千年前分离，早在水稻最初驯化之后。东南亚大陆特有的主要谱系显示了有性重组的特征和从多个谱系获得DNA的证据。对弱自然选择的检验表明，克隆谱系的大流行传播需要进化的“代价”，即有害突变的积累。我们的研究结果揭示了在一个广泛分布的病原体中，多种地方性和大流行性谱系的共存，这些谱系具有相反的人口和遗传特征。稻瘟病菌Magnaporthe piglets（syn.，稻瘟病菌（Pyricularia）是一种快速适应性病原体的典型例子，它是造成水稻最具破坏性疾病之一的原因。我们需要提高对Magnaporthe的多样性和进化的理解，以指导更有效的控制策略的发展。我们使用来自世界各地的样本的基因组测序数据来推断M。我们发现，大约1,000年前，稻瘟病菌已经多样化，分为六个主要谱系：两个分别在粳稻和籼稻上流行，四个分布范围更有限。我们还发现，东南亚大陆特有的一个谱系显示了有性重组和从多个谱系获得遗传物质的特征。本工作为确定控制稻瘟病的分子标记和研究稻瘟病菌不同谱系致病性差异的分子基础提供了一个群体水平的基因组框架。
The rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (syn., Pyricularia oryzae) is both a threat to global food security and a model for plant pathology. Molecular pathologists need an accurate understanding of the origins and line of descent of M. oryzae populations in order to identify the genetic and functional bases of pathogen adaptation and to guide the development of more effective control strategies. We used a whole-genome sequence analysis of samples from different times and places to infer details about the genetic makeup of M. oryzae from a global collection of isolates. Analyses of population structure identified six lineages within M. oryzae, including two pandemic on japonica and indica rice, respectively, and four lineages with more restricted distributions. Tip-dating calibration indicated that M. oryzae lineages separated about a millennium ago, long after the initial domestication of rice. The major lineage endemic to continental Southeast Asia displayed signatures of sexual recombination and evidence of DNA acquisition from multiple lineages. Tests for weak natural selection revealed that the pandemic spread of clonal lineages entailed an evolutionary “cost,” in terms of the accumulation of deleterious mutations. Our findings reveal the coexistence of multiple endemic and pandemic lineages with contrasting population and genetic characteristics within a widely distributed pathogen. The rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (syn., Pyricularia oryzae) is a textbook example of a rapidly adapting pathogen, and it is responsible for one of the most damaging diseases of rice. Improvements in our understanding of Magnaporthe oryzae’s diversity and evolution are required to guide the development of more effective control strategies. We used genome sequencing data for samples from around the world to infer the evolutionary history of M. oryzae. We found that M. oryzae diversified about 1,000 years ago, separating into six main lineages: two pandemic on japonica and indica rice, respectively, and four with more restricted distributions. We also found that a lineage endemic to continental Southeast Asia displayed signatures of sexual recombination and the acquisition of genetic material from multiple lineages. This work provides a population-level genomic framework for defining molecular markers for the control of rice blast and investigations of the molecular basis of differences in pathogenicity between M. oryzae lineages.