In Metabolic Engineering of Eukaryotic Microalgae: Potential and Challenges Come with Great Diversity.
In Metabolic Engineering of Eukaryotic Microalgae: Potential and Challenges Come with Great Diversity.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2015.01376
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Mayfield SP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gimpel JA;Henríquez V;Mayfield SP
微藻系统发育的多样性与其丰富的代谢产物相对应。尽管如此，微藻的代谢工程一直受到限制，因为必须为每个物种的核或叶绿体基因组开发特定的转化工具。微藻作为代谢产物的生产平台提供了优于植物和其他微生物的几个优点，例如分别抑制转基因生物和降低培养基成本的能力。目前，微藻已被证明特别适合于ω-3脂肪酸和类胡萝卜素的商业生产。因此，大多数代谢工程策略已被开发用于这些代谢物。微藻生物燃料最近也引起了极大的关注，导致努力改善氢和光致脂肪酸盐，特别是三酰甘油酯的生产。微藻的代谢途径也被操纵，以改善在特定条件下的光合生长和实现营养转化。虽然这些途径并不严格相关的次生代谢产物，合成生物学的方法可能会被翻译到这个领域，也将进行讨论。
The great phylogenetic diversity of microalgae is corresponded by a wide arrange of interesting and useful metabolites. Nonetheless metabolic engineering in microalgae has been limited, since specific transformation tools must be developed for each species for either the nuclear or chloroplast genomes. Microalgae as production platforms for metabolites offer several advantages over plants and other microorganisms, like the ability of GMO containment and reduced costs in culture media, respectively. Currently, microalgae have proved particularly well suited for the commercial production of omega-3 fatty acids and carotenoids. Therefore most metabolic engineering strategies have been developed for these metabolites. Microalgal biofuels have also drawn great attention recently, resulting in efforts for improving the production of hydrogen and photosynthates, particularly triacylglycerides. Metabolic pathways of microalgae have also been manipulated in order to improve photosynthetic growth under specific conditions and for achieving trophic conversion. Although these pathways are not strictly related to secondary metabolites, the synthetic biology approaches could potentially be translated to this field and will also be discussed.