Prevalence and Risk Factor of Cognitive Impairment were Different between Urban and Rural Population: A Community-Based Study
Prevalence and Risk Factor of Cognitive Impairment were Different between Urban and Rural Population: A Community-Based Study
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城乡人口认知障碍的患病率和危险因素存在差异：基于社区的研究
DOI：
10.3233/jad-150748
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Chen, Sheng-Di
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tang, Hui-Dong;Zhou, Yi;Chen, Sheng-Di
背景：中国认知障碍（CI）患者数量持续上升。目的：调查农村和城市社区老年人CI患病率及危险因素。方法：对上海市马鲁社区（农村社区，n = 4,429）和五里桥社区（城市社区，n = 3,471）的7900名符合纳入标准的50岁及以上个体进行面对面CI调查。采用简易精神状态检查（MMSE）评估认知功能。在访谈中收集了CI的人口统计学特征和潜在危险因素的信息。采用多变量逻辑回归来确定与CI相关的危险因素。结果：基于教育修正的MMSE评分，我们在农村社区发现了329例CI病例，在城市社区发现了227例CI病例。农村人群CI患病率为7.43%，城市人群CI患病率为6.54% （p = 0.13）。在城市人群中，CI的风险与年龄（OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01-1.08）、缺乏体育锻炼（OR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.11-4.57）、是否患有糖尿病（OR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.04-3.07）以及有三个或三个以上子女（OR = 2.39; 95% CI: 1.27-4.50）相关。相比之下，与农村人口相关的因素包括女性（OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.08-3.82）、年龄（OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.03-1.08）、农药暴露（OR = 4.68; 95% CI: 1.27-17.21）、脑炎或脑膜炎史（OR = 6.02; 95% CI: 1.92-18.85）和头部创伤（OR = 1.89; 95% CI: 1.10-3.24）。结论：城市、农村和人群CI的危险因素不同，建议在这些地区采取不同的预防策略。
Background: China is facing a continuously rising numbers of people with cognitive impairment (CI). Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of CI among elderly people living in rural and urban communities.Methods: We conducted a face-to-face survey of CI on 7,900 individuals aged 50 years or older meeting inclusion criteria in the Malu (rural community, n = 4,429) and Wuliqiao (urban community, n = 3,471) communities of Shanghai. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to evaluate the cognitive function. Information on demographic features and potential risk factors for CI was collected during the interview. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors associated with CI.Results: Based on the education modified MMSE score, we identified 329 CI cases in rural community and 227 in urban community. The prevalence of CI was 7.43% in rural population and 6.54% in urban population (p = 0.13). In the urban population, risk of having CI was associated with age (OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01-1.08), lack of physical activities (OR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.11-4.57), presence of diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.04-3.07), and having three or more children (OR = 2.39; 95% CI: 1.27-4.50). In contrast, factors associated with rural populations included female gender (OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.08-3.82), age (OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.03-1.08), exposure to pesticides (OR = 4.68; 95% CI: 1.27-17.21), history of encephalitis or meningitis (OR = 6.02; 95% CI: 1.92-18.85) and head trauma (OR = 1.89; 95% CI: 1.10-3.24).Conclusions: Urban rural and populations showed different risk factors for CI, suggesting that different preventive strategies in these areas should be performed.