On the evolutionary origins and regionalization of the neural crest.
On the evolutionary origins and regionalization of the neural crest.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.06.008
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发表时间：
2022-07
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Megan Rothstein;M. Simoes-Costa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Megan Rothstein;M. Simoes-Costa
神经嵴是脊椎动物特有的胚胎干细胞群，在整个动物身体计划中产生大量的细胞类型。这些细胞首先在中枢神经系统的边缘出生，它们从那里广泛迁移并分化成多种细胞衍生物。鉴于这些细胞组成的独特结构，神经嵴的起源被认为对脊椎动物进化支的进化和多样化具有重要意义。在有颌脊椎动物中，神经嵴细胞沿着前后轴以不同的亚群存在。这些亚群在其各自的分化潜能和细胞衍生物方面不同。因此，现代神经嵴的特点是多能的，迁移的，并在整个胚胎区域隔离。在这里，我们追溯神经嵴的进化起源，从保守的调节电路在基底脊索动物的出现，在高等脊椎动物的神经嵴亚群。最后，我们讨论了一个逐步的轨迹，这些细胞可能已经出现，并在整个脊椎动物进化多样化。
The neural crest is a vertebrate-specific embryonic stem cell population that gives rise to a vast array of cell types throughout the animal body plan. These cells are first born at the edges of the central nervous system, from which they migrate extensively and differentiate into multiple cellular derivatives. Given the unique set of structures these cells comprise, the origin of the neural crest is thought to have important implications for the evolution and diversification of the vertebrate clade. In jawed vertebrates, neural crest cells exist as distinct subpopulations along the anterior-posterior axis. These subpopulations differ in terms of their respective differentiation potential and cellular derivatives. Thus, the modern neural crest is characterized as multipotent, migratory, and regionally segregated throughout the embryo. Here, we retrace the evolutionary origins of the neural crest, from the appearance of conserved regulatory circuitry in basal chordates to the emergence of neural crest subpopulations in higher vertebrates. Finally, we discuss a stepwise trajectory by which these cells may have arisen and diversified throughout vertebrate evolution.