REPLY: The geological legacy of Hurricane Irene: Implications for the fidelity of the paleo-storm record
REPLY: The geological legacy of Hurricane Irene: Implications for the fidelity of the paleo-storm record
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回复：飓风艾琳的地质遗产：对古风暴记录保真度的影响
DOI：
10.1130/gsatg184a.1
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
William J. Garcia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Scott P. Hippensteel;M. Eastin;William J. Garcia
近年来，古风暴学变得越来越有争议，因为人们对风暴沉积和保存的确切性质仍然知之甚少。大西洋沿岸飓风的历史记录仅限于过去300年，而可靠的仪器记录只能追溯到过去300年的一半时间，而从沿海沉积档案中获取的代用记录有可能将这一记录延长几千年，为飓风预测提供更好的统计约束。在过去十年中，研究最多的两个主要代用物是：沉积标准和微化石。在这项研究中，我们使用基于微化石的替代-位移海洋有孔虫-调查了美国北卡罗来纳州Onslow湾1500年的古风暴记录，并比较了2011年8月27日登陆Onslow湾的飓风艾琳前后的沼泽沉积物和有孔虫。我们发现，在1500年的后屏障沼泽地层中，飓风的记录比1950年以来登陆昂斯洛湾的飓风还要少。由于缺乏保存下来的飓风沉积物，以及缺乏飓风艾琳的明确标志，这表明在古风暴学研究中，应该谨慎对待沉积学或微古生物学代用物的敏感性。我们得出的结论是，最好的情况是，只有强烈风暴的直接袭击被保留了下来，而且很可能飓风艾琳的登陆在未来不会在该地区的边缘海洋沉积物中被探测到。
Paleotempestology has become more contentious in recent years because the exact nature of storm deposition and preservation is still poorly understood. Whereas historical records of hurricanes along the Atlantic coast are limited to the past 300 years, and reliable instrumental records extend back only half that length of time, proxy records taken from coastal sedimentary archives offer the potential to extend this record several thousand years, offering better statistical constraints on hurricane prediction. Two primary proxies have been the most studied during the last decade: sedimentary criteria and microfossils. In this study, we used a microfossil-based proxy—displaced marine foraminifers—to investigate a 1500-year paleostorm record of Onslow Bay, North Carolina, USA, and to compare marsh sediments and foraminifers preand post–Hurricane Irene, which made landfall in Onslow Bay on 27 August 2011. We found fewer hurricanes archived in the 1500 years of back-barrier marsh strata than have made landfall in Onslow Bay since 1950. This absence of preserved hurricane deposits, as well as the lack of a definitive signature from Hurricane Irene, suggests that caution should be used with respect to the sensitivity of sedimentological or micropaleontological proxies in paleotempestology studies. We conclude that, at best, only direct strikes from intense storms are being preserved, and it is likely Hurricane Irene’s landfall will not be detectable in the future in the marginal-marine sediments from this region.