Hearing AIDS and the brain.
Hearing AIDS and the brain.
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助听器和大脑。
DOI：
10.1155/2014/518967
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McMahon,CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tremblay,KL;Scollie,S;Abrams,HB;Sullivan,JR;McMahon,CM
大多数听力损失患者康复计划的核心是使用扩音。助听器扩音的目的是为了改善一个人对声音的接触。根据个人听力损失的程度和配置，助听器的任务是增加不同频率区域的声音水平，以确保传入的语音频率以足够的水平到达耳朵，以补偿个人的听力损失。然而，感知事件不仅取决于耳朵水平上信号的可听性，还取决于声音的生物编码、整合和使用方式。正如特伦布莱和米勒在本期特刊中所描述的那样，这个复杂的耳-脑神经网络系统从声音离开助听器开始。在这个阶段，助听器改变了放大信号的声学效果。正是这种经过修改的信号在随后的处理阶段被编码：耳朵、脑干、中脑和大脑皮层。因此，信号的完整性和生物密码被认为有助于产生感知事件，正是由于这个原因，大脑可以被认为是康复的重要组成部分。然而，对于大脑如何处理放大的声音，以及它如何有助于感知和助听器放大的成功使用，我们知之甚少（见图1）。这个IJO特别版的目的是整合神经科学和临床实践，以推进听力保健。这样的研究可以为刺激相关的大脑可塑性带来新的见解，反过来，这可能有助于解释为什么有些人（而不是其他人）在佩戴设备时报告说他们的语言理解能力提高了。从临床来看
At the heart of most rehabilitation programs for people with hearing loss is the use of amplification. The purpose of hearing aid amplification is to improve a person’s access to sound. Depending on the degree and configuration of the individual’s hearing loss, the hearing aid is tasked with increasing sound levels at different frequency regions to ensure that incoming speech frequencies are reaching the ear at sufficient levels to compensate for the individual’s hearing loss. However, a perceptual event is dependent not only on the audibility of the signal at the level of the ear, but also on how that sound is biologically coded, integrated, and used. As described by Tremblay and Miller in this special issue, this complex ear-brain neural network system starts with sound leaving the hearing aid. At this stage the acoustics of the amplified signal has been altered by the hearing aid. It is this modified signal that is being encoded at subsequent stages of processing: the ear, brainstem, midbrain, and the cortex. The integrity of the signal, and the biological codes, are therefore assumed to contribute to the resultant perceptual event and it is for this reason that the brain can be considered an essential component to rehabilitation. Yet, little is known about how the brain processes amplified sound or how it contributes to perception and the successful use of hearing aid amplification (see Figure 1).The intent of this IJO special edition is to integrate neuroscience and clinical practice to advance hearing health care. Such lines of inquiry can spawn new insight into stimulationrelated brain plasticity that might, in turn, help explain why some individuals (but not others) report increased speech understanding while wearing their devices. From a clinical