International Variation in Child Subjective Well-Being
International Variation in Child Subjective Well-Being
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DOI：
10.1007/s12187-013-9213-7
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Bradshaw, Jonathan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Klocke, Andreas;Clair, Amy;Bradshaw, Jonathan
各国儿童的主观幸福感不同吗？它是如何变化的？如何解释这种差异呢？过去，在国家一级对儿童的主观幸福感进行了比较，使用的数据来自可比较的国际调查，最常见的是学龄儿童健康行为调查。以这种方式产生的儿童幸福排行榜是相当一致的。例如，荷兰一直在经合组织国家的排名中名列前茅。为什么会这样？荷兰是如何做到这一点的？在试图解释这些国家排名时，我们倾向于探索与其他国家排行榜的联系。因此，在儿童基金会报告卡11 （RC11）中，将主观福祉方面的国家排名与物质、健康、教育、住房等更客观领域的国家排名进行了比较，所有这些都是在国家一级进行的。在本文中，我们使用来自HBSC 2009-10调查的个人水平数据探索主观幸福感的国际差异。我们使用了与RC11相似的主观幸福感指标。我们建立了这些成分构成一个可靠的指标。各国的排名与在国家一级获得的排名非常相似。我们还探讨了主观幸福感的分布。然后，我们在个人层面上控制了与主观幸福感变化相关的一些因素，并使用国家固定效应模型的线性回归，确定在考虑了这些独立因素后，主观幸福感的国家差异是否仍然持续。考虑到欺凌等行为指标，各国的排名出现了一些变化。考虑到国家和学校层面的影响，一个多层次模型表明，儿童特征对主观幸福感的影响因国家而异。
Does the subjective well-being of children vary between countries? How does it vary? What explains that variation? In the past the subjective well-being of children has been compared at country level using published data derived from comparable international surveys, most commonly the Health Behaviour of School-aged Children survey. The league tables of child well-being produced in this way are fairly consistent. Thus for example the Netherlands consistently comes top of the rankings of OECD countries. Why is this? How does the Netherlands achieve this? In seeking to explain these national rankings we tend to explore associations with other national league tables. Thus in the UNICEF Report Card 11 (RC11), country ranking on subjective well-being were compared with country rankings on more objective domains of well-being-material, health, education, housing and so on, all at a country level. In this paper we explore international variations in subjective wellbeing using individual level data from the HBSC 2009-10 survey. We use similar indicators of subjective well-being as were used in RC11. We establish that the components form a reliable index. The ranking of countries is very similar to that obtained at a country level. We also explore the distribution of subjective well-being. We then control for a number of factors associated with variations in subjective wellbeing at an individual level and, using linear regression with a country fixed effects model, establish whether national differences in subjective well-being are still sustained having taken into account these independent factors. There are some changes in the ranking of countries having taken account of, particularly, behavioural indicators such as bullying. A multilevel model, taking into account country and school level effects, shows that that the effects of child characteristics on subjective well-being vary across countries.