An epidemic of virus disease in Southern Province, Tanganyika Territory, in 1952-53. I. Clinical features.
An epidemic of virus disease in Southern Province, Tanganyika Territory, in 1952-53. I. Clinical features.
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DOI：
10.1016/0035-9203(55)90080-8
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发表时间：
1955-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
ROBINSON, M C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ROBINSON, M C
流行形式的登革热在东非是一种相对罕见的疾病。在桑给巴尔，自 1870 年以来，时不时地报告了流行病（GODDING，1890 年），最近在葡属东非（DE SOUSA，1924 年）、马达加斯加（CuLLINAN，1946 年）、埃塞俄比亚、索马里、科摩罗群岛和马达加斯加的部队（MCCARTHY 和 WILSON，1948 年）、比属刚果（REuL和EERAERTS，1949）和埃塞俄比亚（Bucco，1950）。所描述的流行病发生在坦噶尼喀南部省的马孔德高原。如果考虑到该疾病固有的变异性，它在临床上与登革热无法区分。该地区以前从未报告过登革热，也没有居民记得类似的流行病。由于关节疼痛的严重性和突然性，很快就用了当地的名称；这种疾病被称为基孔肯雅热，意思是“弯曲的东西”。 1952 年 10 月，据报道该病在几个村庄爆发了爆发，但经过详细调查后发现，有几个村庄在前几个月就已被感染。随后的蔓延速度很快，通常涉及 60% 至 80%。开始后 2 至 3 周内每个村庄的人口数量。在一些房屋组中，每个居民都被感染。主要入侵后会出现散发病例，但这些病例通常经过修饰且类型较轻。较小单位的传播似乎比那些供水较好的较大定居点更大。到最后，流行病不仅限于高原，而且在其基地周围的传播是缓慢且间歇性的。
Dengue in epidemic form has been a relatively uncommon disease in eastern Africa. In Zanzibar, epidemics have been reported at intervals since 1870 (GODDING, 1890) and have been reported more recently in Portuguese East Africa (DE SOUSA, 1924), in Madagascar (CuLLINAN, 1946), among troops in Ethiopia, Somalia, the Comoro Islands and Madagascar (MCCARTHY and WILSON, 1948), in the Belgian Congo (REuL and EERAERTS, 1949) and in Ethiopia (Bucco, 1950).The epidemic to be described occurred on the Makonde Plateau in the Southern Province of Tanganyika. It was clinically indistinguishable from dengue, if allowance is made for the inherent variability of that disease. Dengue has not been reported from the area before and no inhabitant can remember a similar epidemic. Owing to the distinctive severity of the joint pains and the sudden onset a local name was rapidly applied; the disease became known as chikungunya, meaning-" that which bends up". An explosive outbreak of the disease was reported from several villages in October, 1952, but on detailed inquiry it became evident that a few villages had been infected during the previous months. The subsequent spread was rapid and it normally involved 60 to 80 per cent. of the population in each village within a period of 2 to 3 weeks of its starting there. In some groups of houses every inhabitant was infected. Sporadic cases would occur after the main invasion but these were usually modified and less severe in type. The spread appeared to be greater in the smaller units than in those larger settlements that had a better water supply. Towards its end the epidemic was not limited to the plateau but the spread round its base was slow and intermittent.