Visual information increases the indirect corticospinal excitation via cervical interneurons in humans
Visual information increases the indirect corticospinal excitation via cervical interneurons in humans
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视觉信息通过人类颈部中间神经元增加间接皮质脊髓兴奋
DOI：
10.1152/jn.00425.2020
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Ohki Yukari
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nakajima Tsuyoshi;Ohtsuka Hiroyuki;Irie Shun;Suzuki Shinya;Ariyasu Ryohei;Komiyama Tomoyoshi;Ohki Yukari
从视觉系统到颈部中间神经元（IN）的输入对手臂肌肉控制的调节作用在人类中知之甚少。在本研究中，我们研究了视觉刺激是否调制的兴奋颈部IN系统介导的皮质脊髓束（CST）的输入肱二头肌（BB）。28名健康志愿者坐着，在六个实验中进行了BB的肌电图记录，每个实验都有离散的目标。将用于视觉刺激的闪光刺激器（持续时间50 μs）放置在距离参与者眼睛60 cm处。通过记录部位对侧的经颅磁/电刺激（分别为TMS/TES）刺激CST。在弱强直性BB收缩期间随机递送TMS/TES视觉刺激。与对照组相比，单次TMS/TES诱发的运动诱发电位（MEP）在视觉刺激后60-100 ms显著增强。与用TMS或NERVE获得的反应的代数求和相比，通过在手腕处结合尺神经的电刺激[7.5-12 ms的神经刺激（NERVE）/TMS间隔]与和不与视觉刺激相比，MEP显著增加。有趣的是，与对照组相比，视觉刺激后联合刺激诱导的MEP易化显著增加。单运动单位（MU）记录也揭示了在视觉刺激期间，联合刺激对MU的放电概率的影响进一步增强，这在刺激周时间直方图的峰值中观察到，比起始潜伏期晚1-2 ms。目前的研究结果表明，视觉刺激促进oligosynaptic CST兴奋的手臂运动神经元介导的颈椎内system.NEW & NOTEWORTHY迄今为止，很少有人知道视觉信息如何调节人类颈椎运动系统，包括假定的interneuron（IN）电路。这项研究表明，光视觉刺激的影响，推测oligosynaptic皮质脊髓传输到手臂运动神经元，这是由颈部INs介导的。在动物中，这些系统是已知的视觉引导的切换运动是至关重要的，和类似的视觉输入系统，以IN可能存在于人类。
Modulatory actions of inputs from the visual system to cervical interneurons (IN) for arm muscle control are poorly understood in humans. In the present study, we examined whether visual stimulation modulates the excitation of cervical IN systems mediating corticospinal tract (CST) inputs to biceps brachii (BB). Twenty-eight healthy volunteers were seated, and electromyogram recordings from the BB were performed across six experiments, each with discrete objectives. A flash stimulator for visual stimulation (50-μs duration) was placed 60 cm from the participant’s eye. The CST was stimulated with transcranial magnetic/electrical stimulation (TMS/TES, respectively) contralateral to the recording site. Visual stimulation with TMS/TES was randomly delivered during weak tonic BB contractions. Single TMS/TES-induced motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) were markedly enhanced from 60–100 ms after visual stimulation compared with the control condition. The MEPs were significantly increased by combining the electrical stimulation of the ulnar nerve at the wrist [7.5–12 ms of nerve stimulation (NERVE)/TMS interval] with and without visual stimulation compared with the algebraic summation of responses obtained with either TMS or NERVE. Interestingly, the combined stimulation-induced MEP facilitation was significantly increased after visual stimulation compared with the control. Single motor unit (MU) recording also revealed the further enhancement of combined stimulation effects on the firing probabilities of MU during visual stimulation, which was observed in the peaks of the peristimulus time histogram, 1–2 ms later than the onset latency. The present findings suggest that visual stimulation facilitates the oligosynaptic CST excitation of arm motoneurons mediated by the cervical IN system.NEW & NOTEWORTHYTo date, little is known about how visual information modulates the human cervical motor systems, including the presumed interneuron (IN) circuitry. This study demonstrates that photic visual stimulation influences presumed oligosynaptic corticospinal transmission to arm motoneurons, which are mediated by cervical INs. In animals, these systems are known to be crucial for visually guided switching movements, and similar visual input systems to INs may exist in humans.