Developmental stability in constant and fluctuating temperatures
Developmental stability in constant and fluctuating temperatures
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DOI：
10.1038/hdy.1960.38
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发表时间：
1960-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
BEARDMORE, JOHN A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BEARDMORE, JOHN A.
在恒温条件下（25[degree]C），Lomeostasis作为衡量的平均不对称性的胸骨侧毛是上级的F1杂种的近交系俄勒冈州和撒马尔罕的果蝇。F_1代的卵成活力也表现出杂种优势。在昼夜波动20 T/30 cC/20[degree]C/.的环境中，(Mean在25[degree]C）的F1的是没有更多的稳态（对称）比近交，但显着更可行。事实上，在恒定的25[degree]C下，F1比它们的近亲繁殖的父母更对称。在波动环境中影响毛节数变化的基因的优势，或者在恒定条件下F1基因型的两半之间比在波动条件下更好的合作，这是由于两半都来自长期适应恒定25 ℃条件的亲本本身。双边对称性和卵-成虫生存能力对总达尔文适应度的贡献是不同的，对称性分量较小（尽管不可忽略）。这种差异反映在为每个性状提供理想表型的遗传组合的数量以及特定基因型在不同环境中的反应中。第二代-后代的两个野生捕获的女性不同的起源和这些之间的杂交显示不对称波动的温度条件下比恒温。在实验室中繁殖15代后，这种差异在野生苍蝇的后代中不再明显。因此，野生种群被认为携带基因复合物缓冲发展的条件下波动的温度。这种遗传结构是自然选择的产物，在恒温条件下维持的种群中似乎会被破坏。总之，这些结果表明，在根据实验室数据预测自然种群中可能发生的情况时必须谨慎。|| 摘要编辑：作者
In constant temperature conditions (25[degree]C), Lomeostasis as measured by the mean asymmetry of the sternopleural chaetae was superior in the F1 hybrids to that in the inbred lines Oregon and Samarkand of Drosophila melanogaster. The F1's also showed heterosis in egg-adult viability. In an environment fluctuating diurnally 20T/30cC/20[degree]C/..(Mean 25[degree]C) the F1's were no more homeo-static (symmetrical) than the inbreds but were significantly more viable. The fact that F1's are more symmetrical than their inbred parents in constant 25[degree]C. than in the variable environment can be accounted for by either the dominance of genes affecting chaeta number varying in the fluctuating environment or better co-operation between the two halves of an F1 genotype in constant than in fluctuating conditions consequent upon both halves being derived from parents themselves long adapted to constant 25[degree]C conditions. The contributions of bilateral symmetry and egg-adult viability to total Darwinian fitness are of different order, the symmetry component being smaller (though not negligible). This difference is reflected in the number of genetic combinations giving the desirable phenotype for each character and in the response of particular genotypes in different environments. Second generation -descendants of two wild-captured females of different origin and crosses between these displayed less asymmetry under fluctuating temperature conditions than under constant temperature. After 15 generations in the laboratory this difference was no longer evident in descendants of the wild flies. Hence wild populations are presumed to carry gene complexes buffering development under conditions of fluctuating temperature. Such genetic architecture is a product of natural selection and appears to be destroyed in populations maintained under constant temperature constant temperature conditions. Taken together these results indicate the necessity for caution in predicting what may happen in natural populations from laboratory data. || ABSTRACT AUTHORS: Author