Demand Response for Reducing Coincident Peak Loads in Data Centers
Demand Response for Reducing Coincident Peak Loads in Data Centers
复制标题
用于减少数据中心同时峰值负载的需求响应
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Anderson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Maciej Z. Lukawski;J. Tester;M. Moore;P. Król;C. Anderson
需求响应是电网管理不确定性和降低峰值负荷的一个关键方面。本文考虑了数据中心通过冷却系统控制提供对电网信号响应的能力。该策略基于在需求响应事件期间预冷却中心以提供负载减少，并使用冷却系统的数值模型进行评估，并根据从小型电信数据中心获得的实验数据进行验证。预冷策略适用于范围广泛的需求响应方案，但以已建立的临界峰值定价方案为例进行了说明；特别是ERCOT ISO中的4重合峰（4CP）程序。预冷使冷却系统的年电费降低了7.8%至8.6%，而总能耗只增加了0.05%。这意味着整个数据中心的电费减少了2%到2.6%。所开发的需求响应策略适用于功率密度低于500 W/m2且不使用服务器空气密封系统的数据中心。
Demand response is a key aspect of managing uncertainty and reducing peak loads in electric grids. This paper considers the capability of a datacenter to provide responsiveness to grid signals through cooling system control. The strategy is based on precooling the center for provision of load reduction during demand response events, and is evaluated using a numerical model of a cooling system, validated against experimental data obtained from a small telecommunication data center. The pre-cooling strategy is applicable to a wide-range of demand response programs, but is illustrated on the example of an established critical peak pricing program; specifically the 4 coincident peak (4CP) program in the ERCOT ISO. Precooling reduced the annual cost of electricity used by the cooling system by 7.8 % to 8.6 %, while increasing the total energy use only by 0.05%. This translated into 2 % to 2.6 % reduction in the electric bill of the whole data center. The developed demand response strategy is suitable for data centers with power densities below 500 W/m2 which do not use server air containment systems.