Rise of the Trumpenvolk
Rise of the Trumpenvolk
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特朗普民族的崛起
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
American Academy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wendy Rahn;American Academy
尽管“民粹主义”标签在2016年的选举周期中被广泛使用，但几乎没有系统的证据表明这次选举具有独特的民粹主义吸引力。纵观历史趋势、当代言论和舆论数据，我们发现民粹主义是对 2016 年大选的恰当描述，而唐纳德·特朗普作为卓越的民粹主义者尤其引人注目。历史数据显示，民粹主义候选人通常存在巨大的“代表性差距”。对竞选演讲的内容分析表明，特朗普比任何其他候选人都更倾向于使用简单、反精英主义和集体主义的独特言辞。原始调查数据显示，特朗普的支持者以反专家、反精英主义和亲民族主义情绪的独特结合而与众不同。总之，这些发现凸显了民粹主义作为政治动员机制的独特性以及 2016 年竞选的不同寻常特征。
Despite the wide application of the label “populist” in the 2016 election cycle, there has been little systematic evidence that this election is distinctive in its populist appeal. Looking at historical trends, contemporary rhetoric, and public opinion data, we find that populism is an appropriate descriptor of the 2016 election and that Donald Trump stands out in particular as the populist par excellence. Historical data reveal a large “representation gap” that typically accompanies populist candidates. Content analysis of campaign speeches shows that Trump, more so than any other candidate, employs a rhetoric that is distinctive in its simplicity, anti-elitism, and collectivism. Original survey data show that Trump’s supporters are distinctive in their unique combination of anti-expertise, anti-elitism, and pronationalist sentiments. Together, these findings highlight the distinctiveness of populism as a mechanism of political mobilization and the unusual character of the 2016 race.