Prevalence of Marijuana Use Disorders in the United States Between 2001-2002 and 2012-2013
Prevalence of Marijuana Use Disorders in the United States Between 2001-2002 and 2012-2013
复制标题
DOI：
10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.1858
复制
发表时间：
2015-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
25.8
通讯作者：
Grant, Bridget F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hasin, Deborah S.;Saha, Tulshi D.;Grant, Bridget F.
美国对大麻的重要性法律和态度正在变得更加宽容，但关于大麻使用和大麻使用障碍的患病率在21世纪是否发生了变化，人们知之甚少。目的介绍美国成年总人口中吸食大麻的人过去一年的大麻使用、大麻使用障碍和大麻使用障碍的患病率，以及这种情况在2001-2002年和2012-2013年间是否发生了变化的具有全国代表性的信息。N=43 093)和全国酒精及相关疾病流行病学调查--III(数据收集于2012年4月至2013年6月；N=36 309)。分析2015年3月至5月的数据。MAIN结果和衡量过去一年的大麻使用和DSM-IV大麻使用障碍(滥用或依赖)。结果2001-2002年和2012-2013年的大麻使用流行率分别为4.1%(SE，0.15)和9.5%(SE，0.27)，显著上升(P<；0.05)。在人口统计亚组(性别、年龄、种族/民族、教育、婚姻状况、收入、城市/农村和地区)中也发现显著增加。2001-2002年DSM-IV大麻使用障碍的过去一年患病率为1.5%(0.08)，2012-2013年为2.9%(SE，0.13)(P<；0.05)。除了极少数例外，在2001-2002年和2012-2013年间，大麻使用障碍的流行率在人口统计亚组中的上升也具有统计学意义(P<；0.05)。然而，从2001-2002年(35.6%；SE，1.37)到2012-2013年(30.6%；SE，1.04)，大麻使用障碍的流行率显著下降。结论和相关性大麻使用障碍的流行率在2001-2002年和2012-2013年间翻了一番以上，在此期间大麻使用障碍大幅增加。虽然并不是所有的大麻使用者都经历过问题，但在2012-2013年间，近3/10的大麻使用者表现出大麻使用障碍。由于大麻使用障碍在吸毒者中的风险没有增加，大麻使用障碍流行率的增加是由于美国成年人口中吸毒者流行率的增加。鉴于不断变化的法律和对大麻的态度，需要向政策制定者、专业人士和公众平衡地展示使用大麻的不良后果的可能性。
IMPORTANCE Laws and attitudes toward marijuana in the United States are becoming more permissive but little is known about whether the prevalence rates of marijuana use and marijuana use disorders have changed in the 21st century.OBJECTIVE To present nationally representative information on the past-year prevalence rates of marijuana use, marijuana use disorder, and marijuana use disorder among marijuana users in the US adult general population and whether this has changed between 2001-2002 and 2012-2013.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Face-to-face interviews conducted in surveys of 2 nationally representative samples of US adults: the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (data collected April 2001-April 2002; N = 43 093) and the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (data collected April 2012-June 2013; N = 36 309). Data were analyzed March through May 2015.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Past-year marijuana use and DSM-IV marijuana use disorder (abuse or dependence).RESULTS The past-year prevalence of marijuana use was 4.1% (SE, 0.15) in 2001-2002 and 9.5% (SE, 0.27) in 2012-2013, a significant increase (P < .05). Significant increases were also found across demographic subgroups (sex, age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, income, urban/rural, and region). The past-year prevalence of DSM-IV marijuana use disorder was 1.5% (0.08) in 2001-2002 and 2.9% (SE, 0.13) in 2012-2013 (P < .05). With few exceptions, increases in the prevalence of marijuana use disorder between 2001-2002 and 2012-2013 were also statistically significant (P < .05) across demographic subgroups. However, the prevalence of marijuana use disorder among marijuana users decreased significantly from 2001-2002 (35.6%; SE, 1.37) to 2012-2013 (30.6%; SE, 1.04).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The prevalence of marijuana use more than doubled between 2001-2002 and 2012-2013, and there was a large increase in marijuana use disorders during that time. While not all marijuana users experience problems, nearly 3 of 10 marijuana users manifested a marijuana use disorder in 2012-2013. Because the risk for marijuana use disorder did not increase among users, the increase in prevalence of marijuana use disorder is owing to an increase in prevalence of users in the US adult population. Given changing laws and attitudes toward marijuana, a balanced presentation of the likelihood of adverse consequences of marijuana use to policy makers, professionals, and the public is needed.