Facultative stem cells in liver and pancreas: fact and fancy.
Facultative stem cells in liver and pancreas: fact and fancy.
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DOI：
10.1002/dvdy.22561
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发表时间：
2011-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stanger BZ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yanger K;Stanger BZ
组织更新是高等真核生物的常规特征，无论是作为正常磨损（体内平衡）的一部分，还是作为对损伤（再生）的反应。细胞替代可以通过复制现有细胞或从自我更新的干细胞池中分化来实现。主要区别在于细胞潜能，因为干细胞从定义上讲具有分化能力，而复制意味着细胞在生理条件下采用单一命运。兼性干细胞（FSC）模型是一种混合模型，它假设组织中含有通常表现为单能性的细胞，但在损伤后具有干细胞功能。FSC模式在尾纲两栖动物中已经建立，但FSC在哺乳动物中的性质和作用还不太明确。在这里，我们回顾了FSCs在两个哺乳动物器官，肝脏和胰腺中的证据，并讨论了可能解释这些器官再生的替代模型。
Tissue turnover is a regular feature of higher eukaryotes, either as part of normal wear and tear (homeostasis) or in response to injury (regeneration). Cell replacement is achieved either through replication of existing cells or differentiation from a self-renewing pool of stem cells. The major distinction regards cellular potential, because stem cells by definition have a capacity to differentiate, while replication implies that cells adopt a single fate under physiologic conditions. A hybrid model, the facultative stem cell (FSC) model, posits that tissues contain cells that normally exhibit unipotency but have the capacity to function as stem cells upon injury. The FSC paradigm is well established in urodele amphibians, but the nature and role of FSCs in mammals is less defined. Here, we review the evidence for FSCs in two mammalian organs, the liver and the pancreas, and discuss alternative models that could account for regeneration in these organs.