Sudden onset of pitting corrosion on stainless steel as a critical phenomenon
Sudden onset of pitting corrosion on stainless steel as a critical phenomenon
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1101358
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发表时间：
2004-08-20
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Hudson, JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Punckt, C;Bölscher, M;Hudson, JL
当电位、溶液浓度或温度仅发生轻微变化时，不锈钢的点蚀速率会急剧上升。我们报告使用实时显微镜原位可视化，解决在过渡过程中个别坑的成核和演变的实验。他们认为，腐蚀的突然发生是由亚稳态凹坑数量的爆炸性自催化增长来解释的，而单个凹坑的稳定化仅在以后发生。这一发现同意的理论方法治疗点蚀的发病作为一个合作的临界现象，从亚稳态坑之间的相互作用，它扩展了对腐蚀的控制和预防的观点。
Stainless steels undergo a sharp rise in pitting corrosion rate as the potential, solution concentration, or temperature is changed only slightly. We report experiments using real-time microscopic in situ visualizations that resolve the nucleation and evolution of individual pits during the transition. They suggest that the sudden onset of corrosion is explained by an explosive autocatalytic growth in the number of metastable pits and that stabilization of individual pits takes place only later. This finding agrees with a theoretical approach treating the onset of pitting corrosion as a cooperative critical phenomenon resulting from interactions among metastable pits, and it extends perspectives on the control and prevention of corrosion onset.