Rude mechanicals in brain haemodynamics: non-neural actors that influence blood flow
Rude mechanicals in brain haemodynamics: non-neural actors that influence blood flow
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2019.0635
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发表时间：
2021-01-04
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Drew, Patrick J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Das, Aniruddha;Murphy, Kevin;Drew, Patrick J.
在静息状态功能磁共振成像(FMRI)中，血氧和血流量的波动被广泛用于推断大脑活动。然而，与正在进行的神经活动无关的静息状态信号有强大的系统和血管贡献。重要的是，这些非神经因素对血流动力学信号(或“粗糙机械”)的贡献可能与神经诱发成分一样大，甚至更大。在这里，我们回顾了这些信号的两大类驱动因素。一种是系统性的，与心率和呼吸等外部驱动因素的波动以及试图维持大脑中恒定环境的强大自动调节机制有关。另一类包括局部的、活跃的波动，似乎是血管组织固有的，很可能类似于全身血管系统中的活跃的局部波动。在这篇综述中，我们描述了这些非神经波动以及在解释fMRI记录时为纠正它们而开发的一些工具。然而，我们也强调了这些血管波动和大脑生理之间的联系，并指出了可以使用fMRI测量来利用这种联系的方法，以获得关于神经血管健康和大脑内部状态的有价值的信息。这篇文章是主题“非侵入性功能神经成像和潜在神经元活动之间的关键关系”的一部分。
Fluctuations in blood oxygenation and flow are widely used to infer brain activity during resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). However, there are strong systemic and vascular contributions to resting-state signals that are unrelated to ongoing neural activity. Importantly, these non-neural contributions to haemodynamic signals (or 'rude mechanicals') can be as large as or larger than the neurally evoked components. Here, we review the two broad classes of drivers of these signals. One is systemic and is tied to fluctuations in external drivers such as heart rate and breathing, and the robust autoregulatory mechanisms that try to maintain a constant milieu in the brain. The other class comprises local, active fluctuations that appear to be intrinsic to vascular tissue and are likely similar to active local fluctuations seen in vasculature all over the body. In this review, we describe these non-neural fluctuations and some of the tools developed to correct for them when interpreting fMRI recordings. However, we also emphasize the links between these vascular fluctuations and brain physiology and point to ways in which fMRI measurements can be used to exploit such links to gain valuable information about neurovascular health and about internal brain states. This article is part of the theme issue 'Key relationships between non-invasive functional neuroimaging and the underlying neuronal activity'.