Impact of fertiliser, water table, and warming on celery yield and CO2 and CH4 emissions from fenland agricultural peat.
Impact of fertiliser, water table, and warming on celery yield and CO2 and CH4 emissions from fenland agricultural peat.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.360
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发表时间：
2019-06
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Magdalena Matysek;J. Leake;S. Banwart;I. Johnson;S. Page;J. Kaduk;Alan Smalley;A. Cumming;D. Zona
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文献类型：
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作者：
Magdalena Matysek;J. Leake;S. Banwart;I. Johnson;S. Page;J. Kaduk;Alan Smalley;A. Cumming;D. Zona
泥炭地是全球重要的碳保存区域;虽然仅占全球陆地面积的3%，但它们储存了30%的土壤碳。低地泥炭土对农业也是非常有生产力的，但它们的种植需要排水，因为大多数作物不能耐受根区缺氧。这导致了氧化条件的产生，在这种条件下，有机物变得容易矿化。鉴于对高质量农业用地的需求，英国40%的泥炭地已被排干用于农业。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个控制环境实验的结果进行农业沼泽泥炭，以检查芹菜生长之间可能的权衡（英格兰东部农业泥炭地上的一种经济上重要的作物）和温室气体排放（二氧化碳（CO2）和甲烷（CH 4））在不同温度下的（环境温度和环境温度+5 °C）、地下水位（地表以下-30 cm和-50 cm）和化肥使用。地下水位从-50 cm提高到-30 cm降低了芹菜的产量，同时整个生态系统的二氧化碳损失减少了31%。5 °C的温度升高使生态系统的CO2排放量增加了25%，芹菜干梢重增加了23%，而不影响梢鲜重。施肥增加芹菜产量和土壤呼吸22%。甲烷排放量一般很低，与零没有显着差异。我们的研究结果表明，增加地下水位可以降低温室气体的排放量，减少泥炭浪费率，但降低芹菜的生产力。如果可能的话，种植前后的地下水位应提高到-30厘米，只有在生长季节才下降，因为这将减少温室气体的总排放量和泥炭的损失，可能不会影响蔬菜作物的生产。
Peatlands are globally important areas for carbon preservation; although covering only 3% of global land area, they store 30% of total soil carbon. Lowland peat soils can also be very productive for agriculture, but their cultivation requires drainage as most crops are intolerant of root-zone anoxia. This leads to the creation of oxic conditions in which organic matter becomes vulnerable to mineralisation. Given the demand for high quality agricultural land, 40% of the UK's peatlands have been drained for agricultural use.In this study we present the outcomes of a controlled environment experiment conducted on agricultural fen peat to examine possible trade-offs between celery growth (an economically important crop on the agricultural peatlands of eastern England) and emissions of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4)) at different temperatures (ambient and ambient +5 °C), water table levels (−30 cm, and −50 cm below the surface), and fertiliser use.Raising the water table from −50 cm to −30 cm depressed yields of celery, and at the same time decreased the entire ecosystem CO2loss by 31%. A 5 °C temperature increase enhanced ecosystem emissions of CO2by 25% and increased celery dry shoot weight by 23% while not affecting the shoot fresh weight. Fertiliser addition increased both celery yields and soil respiration by 22%. Methane emissions were generally very low and not significantly different from zero.Our results suggest that increasing the water table can lower emissions of greenhouse gases and reduce the rate of peat wastage, but reduces the productivity of celery. If possible, the water table should be raised to −30 cm before and after cultivation, and only decreased during the growing season, as this would reduce the overall greenhouse gas emissions and peat loss, potentially not affecting the production of vegetable crops.