Mechanisms of polarity protein expression control.

Mechanisms of polarity protein expression control.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ceb.2016.04.002
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发表时间:
2016-10
影响因子:
7.5
通讯作者:
Macara, Ian G.
Macara, Ian G.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ahmed, Syed Mukhtar;Macara, Ian G.

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极性是细胞在分裂期间和细胞周期的其他阶段或有丝分裂后分化后的普遍特征。一个保守的机制,存在于所有动物中,启动并维持极性。多细胞动物通过平面细胞极性的过程按照生物体的对称轴来组织自己,但许多组织也表达细胞固有的极性形式,例如分离上皮细胞的顶膜和底外侧膜。虽然参与顶基极性的基因和蛋白质已经被发现多年,但它们的表达调控仍然不明确。维持正确的表达水平对正常的细胞谱系分配、组织形态发生和细胞存活至关重要。在这里,我们总结了关于极性蛋白表达的转录和转录后调控的已知内容,并讨论了仍有待了解的领域。
Polarity is a universal feature of cells during division and often at other stages of the cell cycle or after post-mitotic differentiation. A conserved machinery, present in all animals, initiates and maintains polarity. Multi-cellular animals organize themselves with respect to the axes of symmetry of the organism through the process of planar cell polarity, but many tissues also express a cell-intrinsic form of polarity, for instance to segregate the apical and basolateral membranes of epithelial cells. Although the genes and proteins involved in apical-basal polarity have been known for many years, the regulation of their expression remains ill-defined. Maintenance of the correct expression levels is essential for normal cell lineage allocation, tissue morphogenesis and cell survival. Here we summarize what is known about the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of polarity protein expression, and discuss areas that remain to be understood.
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