Executive function in the context of chronic disease prevention: Theory, research and practice
Executive function in the context of chronic disease prevention: Theory, research and practice
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.07.008
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发表时间：
2014-11-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Marteau, Theresa M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hall, Peter A.;Marteau, Theresa M.
Objective.对执行功能的性质、组织和测量进行综述，并阐述其对预防医学理论、研究和实践的意义。在慢性病预防的背景下，将执行控制系统的操作与健康行为表现和健康结果联系起来的概念和叙述性综述。在现有的观察性研究文献中，更强的执行功能与各种健康保护行为的更一致表现，健康风险行为的表现较少以及更长的寿命有关。教育、收入和社会经济地位等人口因素不能完全解释这些影响，但在某些情况下可能与这些因素相互作用，或介导它们对其他结果的影响。执行控制的实验操作表明，执行功能的影响是因果关系，特别是在调节食欲渴望反应，可能与健康的行为竞争（或促进不健康的行为）。执行功能是健康行为和健康结果的解释框架中的一个潜在的重要变量。影响的大小及其持久性仍然不确定，尽管其对某些行为的影响的因果关系正变得越来越清楚。对执行控制和生态环境所施加的需求之间关系的额外理解是改变行为以预防疾病的研究的重要前沿，并且可能是这些相同条件的社会模式的解释因素。(C)2014爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Objective. To provide an overview of the nature, organization and measurement of executive function, and describe its significance for preventive medicine theory, research and practice.Method. A conceptual and narrative review linking the operation of executive control systems to health behavior performance and health outcomes, within the context of chronic illness prevention.Results. Stronger executive function is linked with more consistent performance of a variety of health protective behaviors, less performance of health risk behaviors, and greater longevity in the existing observational research literature. These effects are not fully explained by demographic factors such as education, income and socioeconomic status, but may in some cases interact with them, or mediate their effects on other outcomes. Experimental manipulations of executive control suggest that the effect of executive function is causal, particularly in relation to the modulation of appetitive craving responses that may compete with healthy behaviors (or facilitate unhealthy behaviors).Conclusion. Executive function is a potentially important variable in explanatory frameworks for health behavior and health outcomes. The size of effect and its endurance remain uncertain, though the causal status of its influence on some behaviors is becoming increasingly clear. Additional understanding of the relation between executive control and demand imposed by ecological context is an important frontier for research on changing behavior to prevent disease, and may be an explanatory factor in social patterning of these same conditions. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.