Bioleaching of Rare Earth Elements from Monazite Sand
Bioleaching of Rare Earth Elements from Monazite Sand
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DOI：
10.1002/bit.25823
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brisson, Vanessa L.;Zhuang, Wei-Qin;Alvarez-Cohen, Lisa
发现三种真菌菌株能够从独居石（一种稀土磷酸盐矿物）中浸出稀土元素，利用独居石作为磷酸盐源并将稀土阳离子释放到溶液中。这些生物体包括一种已知的解磷真菌，尼日尔曲霉ATCC 1015，以及两种新分离的真菌：土曲霉菌株ML 3 -1和拟青霉属。菌株WE 3-F。虽然独居石也含有放射性元素钍，但这些真菌的生物浸出优先溶解稀土元素而不是钍，将钍留在固体残留物中。调整生长培养基组成改善了生物浸出性能，测量为稀土释放。A.在生长过程中产生的无细胞废培养基。土生菌ML 3 -1和拟青霉属（Paecilomyces spp.）菌株WE 3-F在独居石存在下浸出稀土的浓度是具有可比pH的HCl溶液的浓度的1.7-3.8倍，表明由这些生物体外源释放的化合物对浸出有很大贡献。由生物体释放的有机酸包括乙酸、柠檬酸、葡萄糖酸、柠檬酸、草酸和琥珀酸。在从独居石中释放稀土方面，用实验室制备的这些酸的溶液进行的非生物浸出不如用无细胞废介质进行的生物浸出或浸出有效，这表明除了所确定的有机酸之外的化合物有助于浸出性能。(C)2015 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.
Three fungal strains were found to be capable of bioleaching rare earth elements from monazite, a rare earth phosphate mineral, utilizing the monazite as a phosphate source and releasing rare earth cations into solution. These organisms include one known phosphate solubilizing fungus, Aspergillus niger ATCC 1015, as well as two newly isolated fungi: an Aspergillus terreus strain ML3-1 and a Paecilomyces spp. strain WE3-F. Although monazite also contains the radioactive element Thorium, bioleaching by these fungi preferentially solubilized rare earth elements over Thorium, leaving the Thorium in the solid residual. Adjustments in growth media composition improved bioleaching performance measured as rare earth release. Cell-free spent medium generated during growth of A. terreus strain ML3-1 and Paecilomyces spp. strain WE3-F in the presence of monazite leached rare earths to concentrations 1.7-3.8 times those of HCl solutions of comparable pH, indicating that compounds exogenously released by these organisms contribute substantially to leaching. Organic acids released by the organisms included acetic, citric, gluconic, itaconic, oxalic, and succinic acids. Abiotic leaching with laboratory prepared solutions of these acids was not as effective as bioleaching or leaching with cell-free spent medium at releasing rare earths from monazite, indicating that compounds other than the identified organic acids contribute to leaching performance. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.