Challenges and Limitations of Targeting the Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway for Neurotherapeutics: Bach1 De-Repression to the Rescue.

Challenges and Limitations of Targeting the Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway for Neurotherapeutics: Bach1 De-Repression to the Rescue.
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针对KEAP1-NRF2途径的挑战和局限性神经疗法:Bach1将抑制降低到营救。

DOI:
10.3389/fnagi.2021.673205
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Thomas B
Thomas B
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hushpulian DM;Ammal Kaidery N;Ahuja M;Poloznikov AA;Sharma SM;Gazaryan IG;Thomas B

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Keap 1-Nrf 2信号轴是细胞防御和生存途径的一个经过验证的和有前途的靶点。这篇小综述讨论了潜在的脱靶效应及其对未来药物开发的影响,这些药物来自Keap 1靶向小分子,这些小分子作为氧化还原敏感性转录因子Nrf 2的置换激活剂。我们认为,小分子置换激活剂,类似于亲电体,将释放Nrf 2和其他Keap 1客户端蛋白的泛素连接酶复合物。这种非特异性可能是不可避免的,并且可能在通过靶向Keap 1激活Nrf 2期间导致脱靶效应。小分子置换激活剂也可以靶向Keap 1以外的蛋白质中的Kelch结构域,导致额外的脱靶效应,除非设计为确保仅对Keap 1中的Kelch结构域具有特异性。克服靶向Keap 1产生的这种非特异性的一种潜在的有希望的替代治疗方法是抑制Nrf 2阻遏物Bach 1,以组成性激活Nrf 2途径并绕过Keap 1-Nrf 2复合物。
The Keap1-Nrf2 signaling axis is a validated and promising target for cellular defense and survival pathways. This minireview discusses the potential off-target effects and their impact on future drug development originating from Keap1-targeting small molecules that function as displacement activators of the redox-sensitive transcription factor Nrf2. We argue that small-molecule displacement activators, similarly to electrophiles, will release both Nrf2 and other Keap1 client proteins from the ubiquitin ligase complex. This non-specificity is likely unavoidable and may result in off-target effects during Nrf2 activation by targeting Keap1. The small molecule displacement activators may also target Kelch domains in proteins other than Keap1, causing additional off-target effects unless designed to ensure specificity for the Kelch domain only in Keap1. A potentially promising and alternative therapeutic approach to overcome this non-specificity emerging from targeting Keap1 is to inhibit the Nrf2 repressor Bach1 for constitutive activation of the Nrf2 pathway and bypass the Keap1-Nrf2 complex.
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